Lignosulfonates, which are byproducts of the pulp and paper industry, can be used as promoters for the formation of methane hydrates with a high capacity up to 170 v/v and a high formation rate.

The main component of the byproducts of flue gas desulfurization (BFGD) is CaSO(4), which can be used to improve sodic soils. The effects of BFGD on sodic soil properties and sunflower growth were studied in a pot experiment. The experiment consisted of eight treatments, at four BFGD rates (0, 7.5, 15 and 22.5 t ha(-1)) and two leaching levels (750 and 1200 m(3) ha(-1)). The germination rate an...

Ethanol byproducts or coproducts (I may use the two terms interchangeably) result from the fermentation of grains, typically corn, to produce ethanol – either for fuel use or for human consumption plus distillers grains and possibly other byproducts. Most of the ethanol produced in the U.S.A. today is via dry grinding, with dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) as the main byproduct (Rau...

This study aims at studying the environmental effects of desalination byproducts and the cost analysis of desalination systems. Focus was made on the two widespread techniques of seawater desalination; the Multistage Flash (MSF) System and Reverse Osmosis (RO) system. These two technologies of thermal and membrane desalination have a substantial history and their industry is well established. M...

Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to analyze the pyrolytic byproducts from an Army-unique propellant compound (AA2) that is composed of predominantly nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin. Compounds produced by AA2 pyrolysis were compared to compounds detected in the gaseous effluent from AA2 incineration. The light permanent gases and most of the higher molecular weight byproducts produ...

Identification of novel brominated contaminants in the environment, especially the derivatives and byproducts of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), has become a wide concern because of their adverse effects on human health. Herein, we qualitatively and quantitatively identified three byproducts of tetrabromobisphenol-S bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether) (TBBPS-BDBPE), including TBBPS mono(allyl ethe...

Title of Document: EVALUATION OF LEACHING PROTOCOLS FOR THE TESTING OF COAL COMBUSTION BYPRODUCTS Jason Louis Becker, Master of Science, 2010 Directed By: Associate Professor Ahmet Aydilek, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Beneficial reuse of coal combustion byproducts requires an evaluation of metal leaching potential. Reuse of high carbon fly ash in highway embankment constru...

The detection of partial discharge and analysis of the composition and content of sulfur hexafluoride SF₆ gas components are important to evaluate the operating state and insulation level of gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) equipment. This paper reported a novel sensing material made of pure ZnO and NiO-decorated ZnO nanoflowers which were synthesized by a facile and environment friendly hydrothe...

In this study, the fermentation of raw, inedible poultry byproducts mixed with sugarbeet pulp and dextrose and inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum and(or) Enteroccocus faecium resulted in a drop of pH in the byproducts to approximately 4.0 to 4.5 within 48 h. To keep the fermented product stable for a period of 21 d, the addition of > or = 3% (wt/wt) of a fermentable carbohydrate was necess...

Marine macroalgae is a promising carbon source that contains alginate and mannitol as major carbohydrates. A bioengineered ethanologenic strain of the bacterium Sphingomonas sp. A1 can produce ethanol from alginate, but not mannitol, whereas the yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus NBRC 0259-3 can produce ethanol from mannitol, but not alginate. Thus, one practical approach for converting both alginat...