Although calcitriol has been shown to have an important role in the pathogenesis of hyperparathyroidism, its use as a therapeutic agent often has been limited by calcemic and phosphatemic toxicity. Vitamin D analogs and the synthetic prohormones, with the potential to have lesser effects on calcium and phosphorus, have been introduced and shown to be effective therapeutic agents. Paricalcitol i...

Human-induced ocean acidification and warming alter seawater carbonate chemistry reducing the calcification of reef-building crustose coralline algae (CCA), which has implications for reef stability. However, due to the presence of multiple carbonate minerals with different solubilities in seawater, the algal mineralogical responses to changes in carbonate chemistry are poorly understood. Here ...

background/objective: hyperphosphatemia is the consequence of end stage renal failure. inadequate control of serum phosphorus results in elevated ca × p product with subsequent soft tissue deposition in the form of conjunctival and corneal calcification.  in this study, we evaluated the relationship of conjunctival and corneal calcification with secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis pat...

Biomineralization of the extracellular matrix occurs inappropriately in numerous pathological conditions such as cancer and vascular disease, but during normal mammalian development calcification is restricted to the formation of the skeleton and dentition. The comprehensive study of gene expression in mineralized skeletal tissues has been compromized by the traditional decalcification/fixation...

Axial skeleton affection due to chondrocalcinosis has been associated to calcium deposits in the intervertebral disc, the yellow ligament, the fact joints and even the sacroiliac joints. Calcification of the transverse ligament of the atlas (Figs. 1–3) is an infrequent manifestation and has been denominated the Crown Dens syndrome. It mostly constitutes an asymptomatic clinical picture but may ...

The bicarbonate ion (HCO3(-)) is involved in two major physiological processes in corals, biomineralization and photosynthesis, yet no molecular data on bicarbonate transporters are available. Here, we characterized plasma membrane-type HCO3(-) transporters in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata. Eight solute carrier (SLC) genes were found in the genome: five homologs of mammalian-typ...

Coral reefs are among the most diverse and complex ecosystems in world that provide important ecological economical services. Increases sea surface temperature linked to global climate change threatens these by inducing coral bleaching. However, it is not fully known if natural intra- or inter-annual physiological variability bleaching resilience recovery capacity of corals. Here, we monitored ...

Until recently, the difficulties of obtaining and of measuring the radioactive isotopes of calcium have kept all but a few investigators from examining the distribution of calcium in the hard tissues of the body. Using Ca45 as a tool, Campbell and Greenberg (l), Pecher (2), and Greenberg (3) found between 15 and 28 per cent of a dose in the skeleton of mice or rats within short periods of time....

Scleractinian coral skeletons are made mainly of calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite. The mineral deposition occurs in a biological confined environment, but it is still a theme of discussion to what extent the calcification occurs under biological or environmental control. Hence, the shape, size and organization of skeletal crystals from the cellular level through the colony architectur...

Until recently, the difficulties of obtaining and of measuring the radioactive isotopes of calcium have kept all but a few investigators from examining the distribution of calcium in the hard tissues of the body. Using Ca45 as a tool, Campbell and Greenberg (l), Pecher (2), and Greenberg (3) found between 15 and 28 per cent of a dose in the skeleton of mice or rats within short periods of time....