Hubs are facilities used to treat and dispatch resources in a transportation network. The main idea of Hub Location Problems (HLP) is to locate a number of hubs in a network and route resources from origins to destinations such that the total cost of attending all demands is minimized. In this study, we investigate a particular HLP, called the Tree of Hubs Location Problem in which hubs are con...

The ability of bovine follicular fluid (FF) and oviduct fluid (ODF) to capacitate sperm was determined. At concentrations of greater than 20%, both FF and ODF capacitated sperm within 4 hours, but at concentrations greater than 40%, FF also initiated the acrosome reaction. Non-luteal ODF at a concentration greater than 60% capacitated sperm within 2 hours. Non-luteal ODF maintained sperm motili...

Date hub proteins have 1 or 2 interaction interfaces but many interaction partners. This raises the question of whether all partner proteins compete for the interaction interface of the hub or if the cell carefully regulates aspects of this process? Here, we have used real-time rendering of protein interaction networks to analyse the interactions of all the 1 or 2 interface hubs of Saccharomyce...

Many online social networking websites allow arbitrary Web users to easily add popular users, such as famous celebrities and musicians, into their circle of friends. Such popular users, or “hubs,” have a large number of connections in the social network. However, most online social networks treat such hubs in much the same way as they do ordinary users in terms of security and privacy. In this ...

BACKGROUND Lower and middle income countries (LMICs) are home to >80% of the global population, but mental health researchers and LMIC investigator led publications are concentrated in 10% of LMICs. Increasing research and research outputs, such as in the form of peer reviewed publications, require increased capacity building (CB) opportunities in LMICs. The National Institute of Mental Health ...

How a living organism maintains its healthy equilibrium in response to endless exposure of potentially harmful chemicals is an important question in current biology. By transcriptomic analysis of zebrafish livers treated by various chemicals, we defined hubs as molecular pathways that are frequently perturbed by chemicals and have high degree of functional connectivity to other pathways. Our ne...

The performance of nearest neighbor methods is degraded by the presence of hubs, i.e., objects in the dataset that are similar to many other objects. In this paper, we show that the classical method of centering, the transformation that shifts the origin of the space to the data centroid, provides an effective way to reduce hubs. We show analytically why hubs emerge and why they are suppressed ...

We attempt to identify the different node hubs of a road network using PageRank for preparation for possible random terrorist attacks. The robustness of a road network against such attack is crucial to be studied because it may cripple its connectivity by simply shutting down these hubs. We show the important hubs in a road network based on network structure and propose a model for robustness a...