This article provides a structural analysis of corporate interlocks in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century. The main goal is, first, to point out that dense interlocking goes along with a socio-economic concentration process originating in the German Empire, and is "freezing" as a proved institutional solution during the Weimar Republic (Abelshauser, 2005; Streeck et al., 2001). Second...

This paper reviews the experience of Persian designers and planners for creating the most livableand greenery capital city in the hole region of Middle East throughout the 17th Century. New concepts of urban greendevelopment emerged in that time. Some of these ideas where extremely creative and vanguard from there era andstill some of them are the main theoretical basics of urban green planning...

After the dissolution of the Habsburg Empire, leaders in successor states were eager to become economically independent from the former capital Vienna. They therefore quickly implemented a set of neomercantilistic measures, especially nationalization programs. Nevertheless, the 1920s saw a reestablishment of the common market in the former territories of the Habsburg Empire in terms of interreg...

What are the origins of border effects on trade and why do borders continue to matter in periods of increasing economic integration? We explore the hypothesis that border effects emerged as a result of asymmetric economic integration in the unique historical setting of the multi-national Habsburg Empire prior to the First World War. While markets tended to integrate mainly due to improved infra...

china is one of the oldest and most important countries in the world that has had an important role in the process of pottery production. especially chinese potters have had an inimitable skill in production of porcelain wares. although impress of chinese pottery on iran returns to the early periods after islam but during timurid and safavid periods this impress is more greater especially in ma...

in China a clear and concise account of the special diseases they will meet with in practice in that Empire. That they have completely succeeded in so doing will be evident to any reader of this book. The volume consists of just over 700 pages and is well printed 011 thick paper and admirably and fully illustrated. The volume begins by an account of modern medical work, the Chinese patient, the...

During the late first millennium AD, Bulgarian Empire emerged in eastern Balkans on doorstep of Byzantine Empire. In a bid to reconcile with—and impress—its powerful neighbour, Tsar Simeon I selected fortified site Veliki Preslav as new capital city. Through ninth and tenth centuries city was developed into one largest cities early Middle Ages Europe. A Inner City palaces, churches state buildi...

London, as the capital of British Empire, was centre for imperial structures and networks in middle 20th century. The city enabled regulated transport people, ideas wealth. Similarly, it offered space development became a venue critique colonialism. This article examines how London-based Black pressure group League Coloured Peoples shifted its political vision from moderate reforms equal rights...

iranian historiography during the safavid era affected by religious upheavals and intellectual and political developments, witnessed the emergence and evolution of a new approach towards time and techniques for recording history. the most important feature of this historiography was the continuance of pre-safavid models and regulations on the one hand, and the formation of typical safavid struc...