In spite of being widely used for in liquid biosensing applications, sensitivity improvement of conventional (5-20MHz) quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors remains an unsolved challenging task. With the help of a new electronic characterization approach based on phase change measurements at a constant fixed frequency, a highly sensitive and versatile high fundamental frequency (HFF) QCM im...

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play an important role in detoxification of xenobiotics in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In this study, four GSTs (LmGSTd1, LmGSTs5, LmGSTt1, and LmGSTu1) representing different classes were identified from the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria. These four proteins were heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli as soluble fusion proteins, purifie...

Amphibian populations are declining worldwide due to a number of stressors including pesticides and parasites. Conservation of these animals can be complicated because populations can differ dramatically in response to the same stressor. When consistently exposed to pesticides, some populations evolve tolerance through the process of natural selection acting across multiple generations. Alterna...

We investigated the regulation of the muscarinic cholinergic receptor (MChR) in brain from seven species of fish, two surrogates and five threatened or endangered species exposed to a series of chemicals as a measure of compensatory response among species. Fish were classified as either cold water (rainbow trout-surrogate, apache trout, lahanton trout) or warm water (fathead minnow-surrogate, r...

Pesticide application in horticultural crops has recently multiplied to increase crop yields and boost economic return. Consequently, the effects of pesticides on soil organisms plant symbionts is an evolving subject research. In this short-term study, we evaluated glyphosate (herbicide) carbaryl (insecticide) okra biomass AMF root colonization both shade house field settings. An additional tre...

Global declines in amphibians likely have multiple causes, including widespread pesticide use. Our knowledge of pesticide effects on amphibians is largely limited to short-term (4-d) toxicity tests conducted under highly artificial conditions to determine lethal concentrations (LC50). We found that if we used slightly longer exposure times (10-16 d), low concentrations of the pesticide carbaryl...

Caffeine has been associated with wastewater pollution in temperate and subtropical locations, but environmental caffeine concentrations in tropical locations have not been reported. The objectives of this study were to measure caffeine and agricultural pesticide (carbaryl, metalaxyl, and metribuzin) concentrations in environmental waters on the tropical north shore of Kauai (Hawaii, USA) and a...

Further characterization of the viral enhancement system of varicella-zoster virus by the pesticide carbaryl (1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate) is presented. It was necessary to expose cells to the enhancing chemical during the period of virus replication to detect enhancement. The optimum time for the pretreatment is 20 to 24 h. Maximum enhancement of virus expression occurs 48 to 72 h post-inocul...

OBJECTIVE To determine the DNA damaging potential and the genotoxicity of individual compounds in pesticide contaminated soil. METHODS In the present study, DNA damaging potential of pesticide-contaminated soil and the genotoxicity of individual compounds present in the soil were assessed using fluorimetric analysis of DNA unwinding assay. RESULTS The contaminated soil sample showed 79% (P ...