Cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury occurs upon prompt restoration of blood flow to the ischemic myocardium after an acute myocardial infarction. Interestingly, many of the features of I-R injury are related to impaired mitochondrial signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction. Restoring cardiac energy bioavailability and reduction-oxidation (redox) signaling are therefore important in recove...

An important complication of chest trauma is serious cardiac problems. The fatal conditions like cardiac arrhythmias, including ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac arrest can occur in both cardiac concussion (commotio cordis) and cardiac contusion (contusio cordis). Commotio cordis is to be distinguished from cardiac contusion (contusio cordis) or blunt cardiac injury, a condition in wh...

Background and Objective: Doxorubicin is one of the most common drugs for chemotherapy. The complications of doxorubicin are cardiac toxicity due to oxidative stress. Cydonia oblonga Miller leaf (COL) contains flavonoids and phenolic antioxidants. Due to the presence of antioxidant compounds in COL, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of COL on doxorubicin...

Introduction: Remote ischemic conditioning upregulates endogenous protective pathways in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study tested the hypothesis that limb remote per-conditioning (RIPerC) exerts cardioprotective effects via renin-angiotensin system (RAS)/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/apelin pathway. Methods: Renal injury (I/R) was induced by bilateral occlusion of ren...

The devastating neurologic injury in survivors of cardiac arrest has been recognized since the development of modern resuscitation techniques. After numerous failed clinical trials, two trials showed that induced mild hypothermia can ameliorate brain injury and improve survival and functional neurologic outcome in comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. This article provides a com...

Clinical studies indicate that smoking combustible cigarettes promotes progression of renal and cardiac injury, leading to functional decline in the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, basic studies using in vivo small animal models that mimic clinical pathology of CKD are lacking. To address this issue, we evaluated renal and cardiac injury progression and functional changes indu...

The insulin-PI3K-mTOR pathway exhibits a variety of cardiovascular activities including protection against I/R injury. Lin28a enhanced glucose uptake and insulin-sensitivity via insulin-PI3K-mTOR signalling pathway. However, the role of lin28a on experimental cardiac I/R injury in diabetic mice are not well understood. Diabetic mice underwent 30 min. of ischaemia followed by 3 hrs of reperfusio...

BACKGROUND Blunt Traumatic Pericardial Rupture (BTPR) with resulting cardiac herniation following chest trauma is an unusual and often fatal condition. Although there has been a multitude of case reports of this condition in past literature, the recurring theme is that of a missed injury. Its occurrence in severe blunt trauma is in the order of 0.4%. It is an injury that frequently results in p...

OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of acute kidney injury in children undergoing cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease. METHODS We enrolled 208 patients undergoing cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease during January 2012 to March 2013. Acute kidney injury was defined as per Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria. RESULTS Twenty patients had Acute ki...

BACKGROUND S100B protein in patients with cardiac arrest, hemorrhagic shock and other causes of global cerebral ischemic injury will be dramatically increased. Ischemic brain injury may elevate the level of serum S100B protein and the severity of brain damage. METHODS This article is a critical and descriptive review on S100B protein in serum after ischemic brain injury. We searched Pubmed da...