BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death worldwide. Meanwhile, obesity has been recognized as a global epidemic. This study aims to examine the extent to which cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with body mass among adult males and females in Taiwan. MaTERIALS AND METHODS: A nationally representative dataset consisting of 68,175 adults aged 18-60, including 31,743...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether infants at sleep in the prone side positions are at higher risk for an extreme cardiorespiratory event compared with infants at sleep in the supine position. STUDY DESIGN We used a case-control study to compare sleep position, determined with an accelerometer, in 116 infants during an extreme cardiorespiratory event with that in 231 matched control subjects (2 p...

BACKGROUND A dynamic sub-maximum exercise with the same absolute intensity, performed with different muscle groups, may present exacerbated cardiorespiratory responses. Therefore, cardiorespiratory responses to unilateral exercise may identify bilateral differences. The purpose of this study was to verify whether the cardiorespiratory responses to lower limb exercise display counter-lateral dif...

OBJECTIVE To compare the total and differential leukocyte count in obese and normal-weight adolescents, and to verify their possible relations with cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity indicators. METHODS A cross-sectional study conducted with 139 adolescents (107 obese and 32 normal weight) aged between 13 and 18 years. Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined by direct gas analysis durin...

We have previously shown that cardiorespiratory fitness predicts increasing fat mass during growth in white and African-American youth, but limited data are available examining this issue in Hispanic youth. Study participants were 160 (53% boys) overweight (BMI>or=85th percentile for age and gender) Hispanic children (mean+/-s.d. age at baseline=11.2+/-1.7 years). Cardiorespiratory fitness, ass...

Exposure to nitrate is toxic aquatic animals due the formation of methaemoglobin and a subsequent loss blood-oxygen carrying capacity. Yet, toxicity can be modulated by other stressors in environment, such as elevated temperatures. Acclimation temperatures has been shown offset negative effects on whole animal performance fish, but mechanisms underlying this cross-tolerance interaction remain u...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of a 9-month physical activity intervention on cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity among prepubertal children. METHODS Prepubertal children (8- to 9-year-olds, N = 220, 103 girls) were randomly assigned to a 9-month physical activity intervention or a control group. The intervention provided 70 minutes (5 days/week) of moderate to vigorous physical acti...

The current study describes a method for assessing the oxidative potential of common environmental stressors (ambient air particulate matter), using a plasmid relaxation assay where the extract caused single-strand breaks, easily visualised through electrophoresis. This assay utilises a miniscule amount (11 µg) of particulate matter (PM) extract compared to other, cell‑based methods (~3,000 µg)...

The objective of this study was to investigate the synchronization between low-frequency breathing patterns and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) of heart rate during guided recitation of poetry, i.e., recitation of hexameter verse from ancient Greek literature performed in a therapeutic setting. Twenty healthy volunteers performed three different types of exercises with respect to a cross-sec...

Orexin neurons form a restricted group in the dorsal hypothalamus. The group is centered on the perifornical area within the classic hypothalamic defense area, an area which when activated produces marked cardiovascular and respiratory effects. Central administration of orexin can produce cardiorespiratory effects, but the extent to which orexin contributes to such responses evoked from the per...