One of the most popular paradigms to use for studying human reasoning involves the Wason card selection task. In this task, the participant is presented with four cards and a conditional rule (e.g., "If there is an A on one side of the card, there is always a 2 on the other side"). Participants are asked which cards should be turned to verify whether or not the rule holds. In this simple task, ...

Introduction: Feedback cards are recommended as a feasible toolfor structured written feedback delivery in clinical education whileeffectiveness of this tool on the medical students’ performanceis still questionable. The purpose of this study was to comparethe effects of structured written feedback by cards as well asverbal feedback versus verbal feedback alone on the clinicalperformance of med...

Testing denotes a set of activities that aim at discovering discrepancies between actual and intended behaviors of a system. Often, the intended behavior is known only implicitly, which renders the process of testing unstructured, unmotivated in its details, and barely reproducible. The use of explicit and executable models to describe the intended behavior promises to solve these problems. We ...

Smart card configuration is a complex process, which has an important impact on the product price. Realizing it efficiently and with minimum development effort is a major challenge for smart card manufacturers. This paper exposes the motivations for applying modeling techniques to Software Product Line (SPL), in order to improve the smart card configuration and personalization processes. Our ap...

The Game of War is an internationally popular children’s card game with a very basic set of rules. At the start, the pack is shuffled and divided into two equal parts; then each player reveals their top card. The player with the highest value card then collects both cards and returns them to the bottom of their hand. This process continues until one player loses all cards. Many who play this ga...

Transacted Memory offers persistence, undoability and auditing. We present a Java/JML Reference Model of the Transacted Memory system on the basis of our earlier separate Z model and C implementation. We conclude that Java/JML combines the advantages of a high level specification in the JML part (based on our Z model), with a detailed implementation in the Java part (based on our C implementati...