Lepidoptera feed at mud puddles, dung, and carrion in a behavior known as puddling. Sodium and sometimes protein are feeding cues, are actively collected, and play a potentially important role in lepidopteran nutritional and mating ecology. We showed that montane butterßy species have feeding preferences among mud, herbivore dung, and carnivore dung, and that these preferences differed among bu...

The order of Carnivora has been very well characterized with over 50 species analyzed by chromosome painting and with painting probe sets made for 9 Carnivora species. Representatives of almost all families have been studied with few exceptions (Otariidae, Odobenidae, Nandiniidae, Prionodontidae). The patterns of chromosome evolution in Carnivora are discussed here. Overall, many Carnivora spec...

Climate change and the loss of ecologically relevant large terrestrial carnivore populations are two important challenges currently facing conservation practitioners (Ray et al. 2005, Sutherland et al. 2009). Little attention is given, however, to how these two problems might be related, and how mitigation eff orts for each might be united. Here we explain how predators cannot only infl uence t...