Carotid stump syndrome (CSS) is known to be one of the causes of recurrent ipsilateral ischemic stroke following the occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA). The present study describes a case of left CSS in a 50-year-old patient presenting with a central retinal artery embolism following internal carotid and middle cerebral artery occlusion. The central retinal artery embolism was belie...

Neurologic deficits that occur simultaneously with or subsequent to internal carotid artery occlusion may be influenced by the adequacy of the intracerebral collateral circulation. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography was used to evaluate mean middle cerebral artery blood velocity and blood flow in major collateral arteries in 78 patients, including 39 patients with 40 internal carotid artery o...

Twenty-three instances of internal carotid artery occlusion occurring with minimal neurological deficit in 22 patients are described. Although each of these patients was referred to the neurosurgical service for evaluation for an extracranial-intracranial microvascular bypass procedure, complete arteriographic evaluations of their cerebrovasculature suggested that alternative methods should be ...

ATHEROSCLEROTIC INTERNAL carotid artery occlusion (AICAO) causes approximately 10% of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and 15% to 25% of ischemic strokes in the carotid territory. The 2-year risk of subsequent ipsilateral ischemic stroke while a patient receives medical therapy is 10% to 15%. Extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) arterial bypass surgery was developed to prevent subsequent stroke b...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Evidence suggests that the protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1), a thrombin receptor, mediates neuronal injury in experimental cerebral ischemia. The present study investigated whether PAR-1 plays a role in brain injury after global cerebral ischemia. METHODS Adult male wild-type or PAR-1 knockout mice underwent a 20-minute bilateral common carotid artery occlusion or ...

INTRODUCTION Acute carotid artery occlusion carries a high morbidity and mortality. Acute angioplasty and stenting is a feasible option with little known about the long term outcome. Limiting factor for this approach is hyperperfusion syndrome or hemorrhagic infarction. Spontaneous early or late recanalization for extracranial vessel is in the range of 5% -30%, with no well defined clinical out...

In 102 patients with angiographically proven occlusive carotid artery disease of 60-100% diameter reduction, Doppler ophthalmic artery pressure and blood flow direction were recorded by the recently developed ophthalmomanometry-Doppler technique. Among these 102 patients, 50 presented with complete carotid artery occlusions and 52 with carotid artery diameter stenoses of greater than or equal t...

PURPOSE To determine whether color Doppler flow imaging with the use of slow-flow sensitivity improves sensitivity and specificity in the differentiation of occlusion and near occlusion of the internal carotid artery. METHODS Color Doppler and duplex sonography were performed in symptomatic patients who had angiographically confirmed occlusion and/or near occlusion of the internal carotid art...

Carotid-cavernous fistulas may be classified into: (1) internal carotid, (2) external carotid, or (3) a combination of both. They may result from traumatic or spontaneous rupture of the carotid artery into the cavernous sinus. Intravascular embolization has become the treatment of choice for the management of carotid cavernous fistulas. The authors report the delayed effects after the treatment...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Identification of carotid near-occlusion is essential before calculation of percent stenosis because stroke risk is lower than other severe stenosis and the treatment benefit is less. Calculations with reduced distal diameters are fallacious. CT angiography (CTA) is convenient and accurately quantifies internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. METHODS In a blinded protocol, 2...