Tool use is rare in wild animals, but of widespread interest because of its relationship to animal cognition, social learning and culture. Despite such attention, quantifying the costs and benefits of tool use has been difficult, largely because if tool use occurs, all population members typically exhibit the behavior. In Shark Bay, Australia, only a subset of the bottlenose dolphin population ...

Currency carry trades exploiting violations of uncovered interest rate parity in G10 currencies deliver significant excess returns with annualized Sharpe equal to or greater than those of equity market factors (19902012). Using data on out-of-the-money foreign exchange options, I compute returns to crash-hedged portfolios and demonstrate that the high returns to carry trades are not due to peso...

Expression of viral proteins frequently includes non-canonical decoding events (‘recoding’) during translation. ‘2A’ oligopeptides drive one such event, termed ‘stop-carry on’ recoding. Nascent 2A peptides interact with the ribosomal exit tunnel to dictate an unusual stop codon-independent termination of translation at the final Pro codon of 2A. Subsequently, translation ‘reinitiates’ on the sa...

Here we describe the design details and performance of proposed Carry Propagate Adder based on GDI technique. GDI technique is power efficient technique for designing digital circuit that consumes less power as compare to most commonly used CMOS technique. GDI also has an advantage of minimum propagation delay, minimum area required and less complexity for designing any digital circuit. We desi...

Integer addition is one of the most important operations in digital computer systems because the performance of processors is significantly influenced by the speed of their adders. This paper proposes a delay-insensitive, carrylookahead adder in which the logic complexity is a linear function of n, the number of inputs, and the average computation time is proportional to the logarithm of the lo...