The collective of autonomous cars is expected to generate almost optimal traffic. In this position paper we discuss the multi-agent models and the verification results of the collective behaviour of autonomous cars. We argue that non-cooperative autonomous adaptation cannot guarantee optimal behaviour. The conjecture is that intention aware adaptation with a constraint on simultaneous decision ...

In 2013, ZF Friedrichshafen AG was launching the world's first nine-speed automatic transmission (9HP) for passenger cars with front-transverse drive. With the two planned model ranges, the compact innovation covers a torque range between 200 and 480 Nm. Thanks to its modular concept, the basic transmission can be upgraded as required. This allows different starting elements and four-wheel driv...

The feasibility of hyperspectral imaging with 400-1000 nm was investigated to detect malondialdehyde (MDA) content in oilseed rape leaves under herbicide stress. After comparing the performance of different preprocessing methods, linear and nonlinear calibration models, the optimal prediction performance was achieved by extreme learning machine (ELM) model with only 23 wavelengths selected by c...

In automated valet parking system, a central computer controls a number of robots which have the capability to move in two directions, under cars, lift a car up, carry it to another parking slot, and drop it. We study the theoretical throughput limitations of these systems: Given a car park layout, an initial configuration of a car park (location of cars, robots), into a desired, terminal confi...

This study uses Blob Analysis technique to optimize Gaussian Mixture Model method performance in detecting and counting cars and motorcycles under heavy traffic conditions. It is profound that by optimizing the minimum and maximum blob area in order to obtain proper blob size from a video image’s region of interest will also improve the accuracy of system. The result shows that appropriate para...