1.1 Caspian Sea The complex history of the Caspian Sea formation has lead to a variety of different habitats. Like Australia, the Caspian Sea became isolated thousands of years ago (Plate 1). This isolation led to the speciation of many rare animals in particular the sturgeon. The Caspian Sea is the biggest enclosed body of water on Earth, having an even larger area than that of the American Gr...

Clark Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, Worcester, 01610, USA; Département de Géographie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, USA; Department of Natural Resource Sciences and McGill School of Environment, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada; Geography and Urban Studies Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, 19122, USA; Department of International Development, Co...

The emergence and re-emergence of human pathogens resistant to medical treatment will present a challenge to the international public health community in the coming decades. Geography is uniquely positioned to examine the progressive evolution of pathogens across space and through time, and to link molecular change to interactions between population and environmental drivers. Landscape as an or...

a Department of Geography and Geology, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, Whitewater, WI 53190-1790, USA b Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and Department of Zoology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA c Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-2904, USA d United States Geological Survey, Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife ...

More than 10,000 Caspian seals (Phoca caspica) were reported dead in the Caspian Sea during spring and summer 2000. We performed necropsies and extensive laboratory analyses on 18 seals, as well as examination of the pattern of strandings and variation in weather in recent years, to identify the cause of mortality and potential contributory factors. The monthly stranding rate in 2000 was up to ...

A . X . Z h u a,b,c,d, J . L i u d, F . D u d, S . J . Z h a n g c, C . Z . Q i n c, J . B u r t d, T . B e h r e n s e & T . S c h o l t e n e aSchool of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China, bJiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China, cState ...

based on molecular and morphological characters. – Hydro-biologia 544: 89–141. (Crustacea, Mysida): history of continental invasions inferred from molecular and morphological data. – Cladistics 21: 575–596. IV Audzijonytė, A. & Väinölä, R. 2005: Phylogeographic analyses of a circum-arctic coastal and of a boreal lacustrine mysid crustacean, and evidence of fast post-glacial mtDNA rates. – (subm...

Sturgeons (Order Acipenseriformes) represent an extremely valuable natural resource that is now facing depletion. In the current study we evaluate if the traditional classification in subspecies of Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, Acipenser stellatus and Huso huso, endemic to Ponto-Caspian region is sustained by molecular analysis and if these represent Evolutionary Significant Units (ESUs) that shou...

It is estimated that 90% of sewage in cities in developing countries are today discharged untreated into water bodies. The physical, biological, chemical and geologic interactions among different components of the environment that occur within a wetland. Anzali wetland complex is a good example of a natural wetland, characteristic of the South Caspian lowlands. It supports an extremely diverse ...