Early perceptual processing capabilities are likely to contribute to the categorization of lexical vs. grammatical words by newborns. This lexical categorization could be performed by detecting differences in the prosodic structure of these word categories. Here we demonstrate that a Temporal Recurrent Network (TRN) that allows realistic treatment of the dynamic temporal aspect of prosody perfo...

Much research (e.g., Keil, 1989; Murphy & Medin, 1985; Rips, 1989) has emphasized the critical role that domain knowledge plays in categorization judgments. Recent instantiations of this view (e.g., Ahn, et al., 2000; Rehder & Hastie, 2001) have focused on characterizing how causal knowledge supports categorization decisions. We suggest that a more satisfactory account of categorization can be ...

The distinction between supervised and unsupervised categorization has had a profound influence in related research. We consider a mechanism, attentional selection, possibly shared by models of supervised and unsupervised categorization. In supervised models such as the Generalized Context Model (GCM; Nosofsky, 1988), attentional selection emphasizes dimensions which are relevant for a taught c...

Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) networks are employed in robot behavior learning. Two of the difficulties in online robot behavior learning, namely, (1) exponential memory increases with time, (2) difficulty for operators to specify learning tasks accuracy and control learning attention before learning. In order to remedy the aforementioned difficulties, an adaptive categorization mechanism is ...

Categorization research typically assumes that the cognitive system has access to a (more or less noisy) representation of the absolute magnitudes of the properties of stimuli and that this information is used in reaching a categorization decision. However, research on identification of simple perceptual stimuli suggests that people have very poor representations of absolute magnitude informati...

According to the theory-based approach to categorization, explanatory knowledge plays a critical role in supporting categorization decisions. This paper presents and tests a version of this view—the Explanation-Mapping hypothesis—that integrates explanation with a model of the structure-sensitive comparison processes that may underlie theory-based categorization decisions. Two experiments test ...