The effects of cavitation on vortex dynamics in a submerged, two-dimensional, planar laminar forced jet were studied numerically. A locally homogeneous cavitation model that accounts for nonlinear bubble dynamics and bubble/bubble interactions within spherical bubble clusters was employed. The effects of varying key  ow and cavitation model parameters on  ow/cavitation interactions were inves...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Extreme water stress episodes induce tree mortality, but the physiological mechanisms causing tree death are still poorly understood. This study tests the hypothesis that a potted tree's ability to survive extreme monotonic water stress is determined by the cavitation resistance of its xylem tissue. METHODS Two species were selected with contrasting cavitation resistance (...

In the therapeutic ultrasound field, the cavitation frequently forms a bubble cloud that consists of many microbubbles. A method to control the violent collapse of cloud cavitation is being developed. It is comprised of two frequency ultrasound. The first is a higher frequency ultrasound waveform that makes cloud cavitation at the surface of the object. The second is a lower frequency waveform ...

To gain insight into the large toughness variability observed between metallic glasses (MGs), we examine the origin of fracture toughness through bending experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for two binary MGs: Pd82Si18 and Cu46Zr54 The bending experiments show that Pd82Si18 is considerably tougher than Cu46Zr54, and the higher toughness of Pd82Si18 is attributed to an ability to...

One of the causes of the breakdown of the mechanical heart valves (MHVs) is cavitation. A reliable in vitro test method to evaluate the cavitation potential has to be developed for the patients’ safety. It is the bubble implosion that damages the materials, thus observing the cavity implosion behavior is essential. According to sonoluminescence, the collapsing cavitation bubbles emit the faint ...

The temporal and spatial dynamics of cavitation bubble cloud growth and collapse in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is studied experimentally. The first objective is obtaining reproducible cloud patterns experimentally and comparing them with FDTDcalculations. Second, we describe a method to modify the cavitation pattern by timing two consecutive pressure waves at variable delays. ...

The phenomenon of cavitation was investigated in an Enac-Osada ultrasonic unit using a #15 CaviEndo file 25-mm long. The observed cavitation was incorporated in a subsequent study which investigated the effects of cavitation on debridement, One group of 10 teeth was subjected to the cavitating file while a second group served as a control. Scanning electron microscopic observations revealed tha...

ABSTRACT: The paper contains the results of the study of cavitation dispersing in “liquid-solid” system. It is known that cavitation dispersing is one of energy effective methods of “liquid-solid” interface area increasing. For evaluation of cavitation dispersing modes providing maximum interface area the model of the process was developed. The model is based on simulation of bubble collapse ne...

BACKGROUND High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has gained clinical interest as a non-invasive local tumour therapy in many organs. In addition, it has been shown that lung cancer can be targeted by HIFU using One-Lung Flooding (OLF). OLF generates a gas free saline-lung compound in one lung wing and therefore acoustic access to central lung tumours. It can be assumed that lung parenchyma i...

We studied cavitation in metastable fluids drawing on the example of liquid nitrogen confined to spheroidal pores of specially prepared well-characterized mesoporous silica materials with mean pore diameters ranging from approximately 6 to approximately 35 nm. Cavitation was monitored in the process of evaporation/desorption from fully saturated samples with gradually decreasing vapor pressure ...