Autophagy is a well-known degradation system, induced by nutrient starvation, in which cytoplasmic components and organelles are digested via vacuoles/lysosomes. Recently, it was reported that autophagy is involved in the turnover of cellular components, development, differentiation, immune responses, protection against pathogens, and cell death. In this study, we isolated the ATG8 gene homolog...

The effects of the dietary antiparasitic drug emamectin benzoate (EB) on biosafety and kidney, liver intestine tissue histopathology Oreochromis niloticus were assessed. Extended EB medication at recommended dose (50 μg/kg biomass/day) for 21 days reduced survival, feed intake biomass. A dose-dependent hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic intestinal toxic noticed. Tubular degeneration, glomerulopathy, infl...

Latha Nadkandi Padmanabhan, Sudha Devi Arath Raghavan*, Chandrashekar Sagar Bhadravathi Kenchappa 4 5 Department of Zoology and Research Centre, Mary Matha Arts and Science College, Mananthavady, Wayanad, Kerala, 6 India 670 645 7 Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India 560 8 029 9 10 E-mail: [email protected] 11 12 Ab...

DNA-protein coacervates containing colloidal gold particles were readily phagocytized by strain L fibroblasts. During the subsequent digestion process, the gold particles served as markers which permitted the demonstration of the evolution of digestive vacuoles to multivesicular bodies and finally to dense bodies. Acid phosphatase and esterolytic activity was present in these structures. The hy...

Chemotherapy is an important treatment modality for colon cancer, and concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) is the preferred treatment route for patients with stage II and III rectal cancer. We examined whether DangguiBuxue Tang (DBT), a traditional Chinese herbal extract, sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to anticancer treatments. The polysaccharide-depleted fraction of DBT (DBT-PD) contai...

A 40-year-old Caucasian male who suffered end-stage renal disease due to unknown cause received a living-related renal allograft on 28 July 2008. Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin was utilized for immediate post-transplant immunosuppressive induction, followed by maintenance immunosuppression with tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone. Metoprolol was also administered for hypertension. ...

Cells of the dermal glands in Calpodes ethlius Stoll (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae) survive without division but increase in size from moult to moult. The secretory cells become especially large, measuring up to 6 mm long in the fifth larval stadium. The nucleus in these giant cells has a sponge-like profile, with the nuclear envelope indented around cytoplasmic intrusions, each of which comes to c...

Vacuoles were prepared from endosperm tissue of 4-day-old castor bean seedlings (Ricinus communis var. Hale) and purified on a stepped sucrose gradient. It was shown by assays of marker enzymes that there was only trace contamination of the final preparation by other organelles (mitochondria, glyoxysomes, nuclei, spherosomes, and plastids) and by cytoplasmic components. Hydrolytic enzymes (acid...

Haemophilus influenzae belongs to respiratory tract microbiota. We observed vacuoles formation in previous studies with H. influenzae culture supernatants, so in this work we characterised that cytotoxic effect. We observed an abundant production of acidic cytoplasmic vacuoles due to the presence of a "vacuolating factor" in H. influenzae supernatants which was characterised as thermolabile. Gr...

The vacuoles of plant cells are multifunctional organelles that are central to cellular strategies of plant development. They share some of their basic properties with the vacuoles of algae and yeast and the lysosomes of animal cells. They are lytic compartments, function as reservoirs for ions and metabolites, including pigments, and are crucial to processes of detoxification and general cell ...