We have isolated a K(+)-selective, Ca(2+)-dependent whole cell current and single-channel correlate in the human erythroleukemia (HEL) cell line. The whole cell current was inhibited by the intermediate-conductance KCa3.1 inhibitors clotrimazole, TRAM-34, and charybdotoxin, unaffected by the small-conductance KCa2 family inhibitor apamin and the large-conductance KCa1.1 inhibitors paxilline and...

The operation of Fuel Cell Distributed Generation (FCDG) systems in distribution systems is introduced by modeling, controller design, and simulation study of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) distributed generation (DG) system. The physical model of the fuel cell stack and dynamic models of power conditioning units are described. Then, suitable control architecture based on fuzzy logic contro...

Exergy analysis of an integrated molten carbonate fuel cell-turbo expander-steam turbine hybrid cycle has been presented in this study. The proposed cycle has been used as a sustainable energy approach to provide a micro hybrid power plant with high exergy efficiency. To generate electricity by the mentioned system, an externally reformed molten carbonate fuel cell located upstream of the combi...

The transmembrane motor protein prestin is thought to underlie outer hair cell (OHC) motility. Prestin expressed in nonauditory cells confers OHC-like electrical characteristics to the cell membrane, including the generation of gating-like currents (or non-linear capacitance), whose voltage dependence is susceptible to membrane tension and initial voltage conditions. Here we report that prestin...

The temperature dependence of outer hair cell motility-related gating current and capacitance was evaluated under whole-cell voltage clamp. Temperature change caused a shift of these voltage-dependent functions along the voltage axis, with a decrease in temperature causing a negative shift in the voltage at peak capacitance (Vpkcm) of 19.2 mV per 10 degrees C. Gating current kinetics showed onl...

Electrical and optical properties in reverse mode polymer stabilized liquid crystal (LC) cells have been investigated. We proposed a light scattering model between LC domains with different domain sizes to describe low driving voltage. The reorientation large small was numerically investigated by fitting the measured relative permittivity of cell as function applied Transmittance considering tw...

In order to accurately account for nanometer effects during timing analysis, traditional cell models must be replaced. The assumption of linear input voltages and lumped output load are no longer valid [1]. The existing cell delay models do not match well with the advanced interconnect delay models. Interconnect models consume linear voltage waveforms produced by these cell models and produce v...

The dynamics of vestibular afferent responses are thought to be strongly influenced by presynaptic properties. In this paper, by performing whole-cell perforated-patch experiments in the frog utricle, we characterized voltage-dependent currents and voltage responses to current steps and 0.3-100 Hz sinusoids. Current expression and voltage responses are strongly related to hair cell type. In par...