background and objectives: multiple sclerosis (ms) is the most common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with more than 5.2 million people across the world being afflicted with. magnetic resonance im­aging (mri) is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of ms. this study surveys the results of mri of the central nervous system and paranasal sinuses in the sample of ms patients in ker...

developmental venous anomaly (dva) is a common lesion formerly known as venous angioma. dvas drain normal brain parenchyma; however, parenchymal abnormalities surrounding dvas have been reported. unilateral putamen and caudate calcification in the drainage territory of dvas has so far been reported in 7 cases, all with deep venous drainage. we present two additional cases of dvas, one with supe...

abstract background: a tumefactive lesion of central nervous system (cns) is defined as a mass-like lesion with a size greater than 2 cm in brain (magnetic resonance imaging) mri. neuroimaging may help to distinguish the nature of a tumefactive lesion and therefore can prevent an unnecessary brain biopsy. method: in this paper, we have emphasized on determining the nature of a cns tumefactive l...

one of the most important problems in neuroscience researches is the understanding what is the communication between the immune system and central nervous system. proinflammatory factors play an important role in this communication. the dysregulation of proinflammatory factors such as cytokines and chemokines is a central feature in the development of neuroinflammation.one of the important  cyt...

abstract objective : the policy makers and social managers need some criteria for building up the appropriate health status of the community and observe the equity and equality on it. they have to know the burden of diseases as a main determining factor for decision making, planning and programming. disability adjusted life years (dalys) is a criteria which shows the wasted life time due to ear...

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myelodysplastic syndromes (mds) are a group of hematological disorders ranging from chronic refractory anemia to leukemia. there are some reports about association of mds with autoimmune disorders and vasculitis. in this study we describe a patient with mds and vasculitis presenting with central nervous system (cns) involvement. a clinical response to immunosuppressive therapy was also observed...

29 29 GENERIC NAME PAGE Amphetamine 350 Caffeine 351 Doxapram 349 Fenfluramine 351 Methamphetamine 350 Methylphenidate 350 Modafenil 351 GENERIC NAME PAGE Pemoline 350 Pentylenetetrazol 349 Sibutramine 351 Phentermine 351 Theobromine 351 Theophylline 351 Central nervous system (CNS) stimulation is the primary action of a diverse group of pharmacological agents and an adverse effect associated w...

Central nervous system tumors are relatively common in the United States, with more than 40,000 cases annually. Although more than half of these tumors are benign, they can cause substantial morbidity. Malignant primary brain tumors are the leading cause of death from solid tumors in children and the third leading cause of death from cancer in adolescents and adults aged 15 to 34 years. Common ...

Lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism in the brain involves metabolic pathways that are regulated independently of those in the peripheral circulation and tissues. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) restricts plasma lipids, including cholesterol and plasma lipoproteins, from entering or leaving the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, cholesterol is synthesized by astrocytes, oligodendrocytes,...