GODZESKI, C. W. (Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind.), GORDON BRIER, AND D. E. PAVEY. Cephalothin, a new cephalosporin with a broad antibacterial spectrum. I. In vitro studies employing the gradient plate technique. Appl. M\licrobiol. 11:122-127. 1963. Cephalothin is 7(thiophene-2-acetamido) cephalosporanic acid; it was prepared by N-acylation of the nucleus of cephalosporin C, 7-aminocephalosp...

A study of the susceptibility to cefotaxime and six other cephalosporins in 213 nonselected strains of nine different bacterial species clearly showed that cefotaxime was the most active against aerobic gram-negative bacilli. The same pattern emerged with 84 cephalothin-resistant strains of five enterobacterial species, but the mean minimal inhibitory concentration values for all cephalosporins...

Three new cephalosporin antibiotics, prepared by substitution of heterocyclic groups on 7-aminocephalosporanic acid, possess certain desirable chemical or biological properties. All three compounds are active in vitro against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of these bactericidal antibiotics were not significantly affected by changes...

We report a case of Stomatococcus mucilaginosus endocarditis in which the isolate was relatively resistant to penicillins and cephalothin. The patient was treated successfully with vancomycin and valve replacement.

Cephradine, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin derivative, is 7[d(-)-2-amino-2-(1,4-cyclohexadien-1-yl) acetamido]-3-methyl-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid hydrate. The compound has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity in vitro. When given subcutaneously to mice, cephradine was appreciably more effective than cephalothin against infections induced by penicillina...

Nineteen patients with pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Escherichia coli were treated with 4 to 18 g of cephapirin daily. There were three treatment failures. One patient each with pneumonia due to E. coli or S. pneumoniae died despite apparent eradication of the pathogen. Lobar pneumonia due to K. pneumoniae progressed during therapy i...

Sixty-four ampicillin-resistant strains of Escherichia coli were studied. Six characters were examined: (i) resistance to ampicillin, cephalothin, and carbenicillin, (ii) synergy between ampicillin and cloxacillin, (iii) level of beta-lactamase activity after osmotic shock, (iv) transferability of ampicillin resistance, (v) immunological characterization of the enzyme, and (vi) determination of...

We present a case of osteomyelitis requiring prolonged intravenous cephalothin complicated by symptomatic calcium oxalate urocalculi formation. Patients on long-term β-lactam antibiotics with lower urinary tract symptoms may have urolithiasis rather than a urinary tract infection.

Staphylococcus aureus showed decreased susceptibility to penicillin, vancomycin, sodium cephalothin, and tetracycline, but increased susceptibility to sodium colistimethate, at a pressure of 68 atm in helium or helium-oxygen gas. Susceptibility of Streptococcus pyogenes was unchanged by pressurization.

We investigated the relationship between beta-lactamases of Bacteroides fragilis organisms and their resistance to cephalosporins. Timed killing curves were used to study the in vitro activity of three cephalosporins, cephalothin, cefazolin, and cefamandole, and a semisynthetic cephamycin, cefoxitin. Measurements of residual antibiotic concentrations in culture supernatants were made, and they ...