A survey was conducted to determine the assemblage and abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes and their associations with soil factors in organically farmed fields in Minnesota. A total of 31 soil samples were collected from southeast (SE), 26 samples from southwest (SW), 28 from west-central (WC), and 23 from northwest (NW) Minnesota. The assemblage and abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes v...

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) is a chief plant–parasitic of soybean. Application synthetic chemical nematicides poses negative side effects to human health and the environment. Therefore, search for safe effective approach more relevant. This study evaluated Genistein Daidzein on physiological index soybean nematodes, individual morphology, reversal frequency, respiration, bo...

Evidence from as early as the 1950’s that phytoparasitic nematodes could secrete enzymes to facilitate penetration of the stylet through the host cell wall or to promote nematode migration within plant tissues was confirmed in 1998 with the report of the first genes encoding endogenous endo-1,4-β-glucanases isolated from animals, the phytoparasitic cyst nematodes. Expressed gene analyses and re...

Persistent infections by sedentary plant-parasitic nematodes are a major threat to important food crops all over the world. These roundworms manipulate host plant cell morphology and physiology to establish sophisticated feeding structures. Key modifications to plant cells during their transition into feeding structures are largely attributed to the activity of effectors secreted by the nematod...

Published by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR) and issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Andrew G. Hashimoto, Director/Dean, Cooperative Extension Service/CTAHR, University of Hawai‘i at Mänoa, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96822. An equal opportunity/affirmative action inst...

The first internally transcribed spacer region (ITS1) from cyst nematode species (Heteroderidae) was compared by nucleotide sequencing and PCR-RFLP. European, Asian, and North American isolates of five heterodefid species were examined to assess intraspecific variation. PCR-RFLP patterns of amplified ITS1 DNA from pea cyst nematode, Heterodera goettingiana, from Northern Ireland were identical ...

Transformed roots of the susceptible potato Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Desiree were inoculated with second-stage juveniles (J2) of Globodera rostochiensis pathotype Rol. Adult males emerged after 3-4 weeks and matings with females occurred. After 8 weeks gentle pressure on the eggs of maturing females released the J2 which were viable. Because this technique enables the production of vigorously g...

Two soybean breeding lines (D82-2397A and J82-190) resistant to Heterodera glycines race 5 produced higher yields (P = 0.05) than the race 4-resistant cultivar Bedford for 2 years when planted in a field infested with H. glycines race 5 at Tiptonville, Tennessee. Yields were not different between D82-2397A and Bedford when planted in fields infested with race 3, race 9, or with no cyst nematode...