Platinum-group elements (PGE) display a chalcophile behaviour and are largely hosted by base metal sulphide (BMS) minerals in the mantle. During partial melting of mantle, BMS release their budget into magma generated. The fertility sources is key component mineralisation potential large igneous provinces (LIP) origin orthomagmatic deposits cratonic mafic magmatic systems. Fertility mantle-deri...

Abstract Rhenium, Os, and Pt are redox sensitive elements that concentrated in highly reducing environments such as those associated with black shales but mobile under more oxidizing conditions arc volcanism. They chalcophile many terrestrial ore-forming environments, their isotopic systematics provide unique opportunities to date the formation of sulfide ore deposits understand petrogenesis. F...

Abstract The transfer of chalcophile metals across the continental lithosphere has been traditionally modeled based on their chemical equilibrium partitioning in sulfide liquids and silicate magmas. Here, we report a suite Ni-Fe-Cu droplets trans-lithospheric magmatic network linking subcontinental lithospheric mantle to overlying crust. Petrographic characteristics numerical calculations both ...

We present evidence that a rock sample found in the Koryak Mountains in Russia and containing icosahedrite, an icosahedral quasicrystalline phase with composition Al(63)Cu(24)Fe(13), is part of a meteorite, likely formed in the early solar system about 4.5 Gya. The quasicrystal grains are intergrown with diopside, forsterite, stishovite, and additional metallic phases [khatyrkite (CuAl(2)), cup...

concentrations of 42 trace elements, including rare earths, in croatian thermal waters wereinvestigated. originating from different parts of croatia, i.e. different types of aquifers, studied thermal watersprovide insight into the range of concentrations of broad spectrum of elements in croatian thermal waters.covering a wide range of temperature (30 - 92 °c), studied thermal waters are general...

This study investigates the effects of variations in the relative fugacities of oxygen and sulfur on the wetting of mantle olivine by molten sulfide. Experiments were performed on mixtures of San Carlos olivine and synthetic FeS at 1 bar and 1350oC. Crucibles were fabricated from San Carlos olivine, and the fugacities of oxygen and sulfur were controlled by mixing CO2, CO, and SO2 gases. Experi...

critics often do not provide similiar definitions to literature_and those they give put emphasis on elements which separates literature from other arts . every literary work is consisted of five elements، namely, scntiments , imaginatios, thoughts ,music and style sentiments provide artistic immortality and everfreshness to a literary work ,imagination is avehicle which carries sentiment and ma...