We propose the design of a multi-channel amplitude-equalizing polarization interference filter based on stacked liquid crystal birefringent blocks. Each block, which is optimized to control a predefined wavelength channel, consists of three components. The wavelength blocking/ transmitting and the equalizing actions are provided by the liquid crystal component whose optical path difference vari...

Two causes of non-locality inherent in nucleon-nucleus scattering are considered. They are the results of two-nucleon antisymmetry of the projectile with each nucleon in the nucleus and the dynamic polarization potential representation of channel coupling. For energies ∼ 40− 300 MeV, a g-folding model of the optical potential is used to show the influence of the knock-out process that is a resu...

The process γp → φp close to threshold is investigated focusing on the role played by the sand u-channel nucleonic resonances. For this purpose, a recent quark model approach, based on the SU(6) ⊗ O(3) symmetry with an effective Lagrangian, is extended to the φ meson photoproduction. Another non-diffractive process, the tchannel π0 exchange, is also included. The diffractive contribution is pro...

An investigation of γp → ωp is presented in a constituent quark model approach. The sparse data in the large t region where the resonances dominate is well described within the model, while the diffractive behavior in the small t region requires an additional t-channel exchange. Taking into account the t-channel π exchange, we find a good overall agreement with the available data with only 3 fr...

Ion channel gating kinetics can be described using Kramers' diffusion theory of reaction rates between several closed and open states, where transition rates between states depend exponentially on the membrane potential V. It has been suggested that transition rates have a more complex dependence on V at voltage extremes, but this has never been quantified. We measured the rate constant of the ...

In order to build the MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) channel model based on IEEE 802.16, the way and analysis on how to build good MIMO channel model are described in this study. By exploiting the spatial freedom of wireless channels, MIMO systems have the potential to achieve high bandwidth efficiency, promoting MIMO to be a key technique in the next generation communication systems. As...

We provide a purely quantum version of polar codes, achieving the symmetric coherent information any qubit-input channel. Our scheme relies on recursive channel combining and splitting construction, where two-qubit gate randomly chosen from Clifford group is used to combine two single-qubit channels. The inputs synthesized bad channels are frozen by preshared EPR pairs between sender receiver, ...

in order to present a new and high performance structure of pem fuel cell and study the influence of the flow direction and distribution on the rate of reactants diffusion, three novel models of vertical reactant flow injection into the anode and cathode reaction area field have been introduced. they consist of one inlet and two inlets and also a continuous channel. the governing equations on t...