In a review of 46 meta-analyses of gender differences, overhand throwing had the largest gender difference favoring boys (ES > 3.0). Expectations for gender-specific performances may be less pronounced in female Australian Aborigines, because historical accounts state they threw for defense and hunting. Overhand throwing velocities and kinematics were recorded in 30 female and male Aboriginal A...

There have been a number of critiques in the last few years of the prevailing paradigm of research on gender and health, which dominated in the latter part of the 20th century. One such criticism has centred on the a historic and decontextualised way in which much evidence for gender differences has been used. In this paper we aim to show that, even within a relatively confined geographical loc...

In this paper, we show that the question of the relative importance of innate characteristics and institutional arrangements in explaining human difference was vehemently contested in Britain during the first half of the nineteenth century. Thus Sir Francis Galton's work of the 1860s should be seen as an intervention in a pre-existing controversy. The central figure in these earlier debates-as ...

This study examined gender differences in a large-scale assessment center for officer entry in the British Army. Subgroup differences were investigated for a sample of 1,857 candidates: 1,594 men and 263 women. A construct-driven approach was chosen (a) by examining gender differences at the construct level, (b) by formulating a priori hypotheses about which constructs would be susceptible to g...

One of the most heavily debated questions in implicit social cognition is the extent to which implicit measures can be voluntarily controlled. The experiment reported here is the first to employ a novel strategy for intentionally controlling performance in the autobiographical Implicit Association Test (aIAT). Specifically, when explicitly instructed to do so, participants were able to speed up...

Age and Gender Differences in Food Security in a Low-Income Inner-City Population In a study of approximately 1,500 very disadvantaged families with children in Boston, Chicago, and San Antonio from 1999 to 2005, significant differences in levels of food security are found across children of different ages and genders. Using answers to unique survey questions about food security for a specific ...

The aim of this paper is to examine gender differences in several dimensions of family-related variables in the explanation of adolescent offending. Analyses are conducted to examine: 1) whether boys and girls differ in levels of offending and in levels of family variables respectively, 2) whether the correlations between family variables and offending differ by gender, and 3) whether the famil...

American philosophy takes its subject from many differentareas one of which is the religious aspect that scrutinizes the position of the individual on earth as well as his relationship with God. The idea thathuman nature needs God to reach salvation is closely related to the moralfreedom of the individual and therefore to his contribution to thecommunity he belongs to. To better...