■ A direct investigation into the grammatical abilities of Broca’s and Wernicke’s aphasics sought to obtain critical evidence for a revised model of the functional neuroanatomy of language. We examined aphasics’ ability to make grammaticality judgments on a set of theoretically selected, highly complex syntactic structures that involve, most prominently, ane violations of constraints on syntact...

Ionic liquids (ILs) have become valuable new materials for a broad spectrum of applications including additives or components for new hydrophobic/hydrophilic polymer coatings. However, fundamental information surrounding IL molecular properties is still lacking. With this in mind, the microinterface between two immiscible electrolytic solutions (micro-ITIES), for example, water|1,2-dichloroetha...

Bacteria are easily characterizable model organisms with an impressively complicated set of capabilities. Among their capabilities is quorum sensing, a detailed cell-cell signaling system that may have a common origin with eukaryotic cellcell signaling. Not only are the two phenomena similar, but quorum sensing, as is the case with any bacterial phenomenon when compared to eukaryotes, is also e...

Kinetically controlled isothermal growth is fundamental to biological development, yet it remains challenging to rationally design molecular systems that self-assemble isothermally into complex geometries via prescribed assembly and disassembly pathways. By exploiting the programmable chemistry of base pairing, sophisticated spatial and temporal control have been demonstrated in DNA self-assemb...

We study the question which bipartite ordered sets are order preserving embeddable into two consecutive levels of a Boolean lattice. This is related to investigations on parallel computer architectures, where bipartite networks are embedded into hypercube networks. In our main Theorem we characterize these orders by the existence of a suited edge-coloring of the covering graph. We analyze the r...

The ability to culture hematopoietic cells in readily characterizable and scalable stirred systems, combined with the capability to utilize serum-free medium, will aid the development of clinically attractive bioreactor systems for transplantation therapies. We thus examined the proliferation and differentiation characteristics of peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells (MNC), cord blood (CB) M...

SQL:2011, the most recently adopted version of the SQL query language, has unprecedentedly standardized the representation of temporal data in relational databases. Following the successful paradigm of ontology-based data access, we develop a practical approach to querying the SQL:2011-based temporal data model via the semantic layer of OWL 2 QL. The interval-based temporal query language (TQL)...

What is the fundamental insight behind truth-functionality? When is a logic interpretable by way of a truth-functional semantics? To address such questions in a satisfactory way, a formal definition of truthfunctionality from the point of view of abstract logics is clearly called for. As a matter of fact, such a definition has been available at least since the 70s, though to this day it still r...

Prion proteins are known to misfold into a range of different aggregated forms, showing different phenotypic and pathological states. Understanding strain specificities is an important problem in the field of prion disease. Little is known about which PrP(Sc) structural properties and molecular mechanisms determine prion replication, disease progression and strain phenotype. The aim of this wor...

A spontaneously spoken, natural Japanese discourse contains many instances of the so-called redundant interjections and of back-channel utterances. These expressions have not hitherto received much attention and few systematic analyses have been made, since they were regarded as useless, spurious expressions. On the basis of the analysis of spoken dialogue corpus, we claim that these utterances...