Fire history reconstructions are typically based on tree ages and tree-ring fire scars or on charcoal in sedimentary records from lakes or bogs, but rarely on both. In this study of fire history in western Patagonia (47–48 S) in southern South America (SSA) we compared three sedimentary charcoal records collected in bogs with tree-ring firescar data collected at 13 nearby sample sites. We exami...

The facies distribution and palaeobotanical identity of fossil charcoal is described from the Upper Carboniferous (Westphalian A–B) Joggins section, Nova Scotia, in order to examine the fire ecology of early Westphalian floodplains. Three charcoal assemblages are noted. Assemblage (1) consists of channel sandstone bodies, containing beds of calcrete breccia, cordaite logs (up to 3 m long), and ...

The present study was undertaken to study the combined effect of Aflatoxin and Ochratoxin A on liver enzymes of broilers and the amelioration of the effects using adsorbents. Aflatoxin and ochratoxin A were mixed with the broiler diet to attain a concentration of 1 ppm and 2 ppm respectively. Activated charcoal at 0.4% and lyophilized yeast culture at 0.2% level were used as adsorbents for test...

OBJECTIVE Charcoal-burning suicide has recently been spreading to many Asian countries. There have also been several cases involving this new method of suicide in Western countries. Restricting access to suicide means is one of the few suicide-prevention measures that have been supported by empirical evidence. The current study aims to assess the effectiveness of a community intervention progra...

Accidental ingestion of phenytoin can lead to severe neurological sequelae. Charcoal hemoperfusion decreases phenytoin levels but has never been reported before in children. We present a child with accidental ingestion of phenytoin who responded to charcoal hemoperfusion.

Household energy in sub-Saharan Africa is largely derived from woodfuels burned in simple stoves with poor combustion characteristics. These devices emit products of incomplete combustion [PICs] that both damage human health and negatively impact the atmospheric radiation budget. We use empirical studies and published emission factors to estimate the pollution associated with production, distri...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW For decades, activated charcoal has been used as a 'universal antidote' for the majority of poisons because of its ability to prevent the absorption of most toxic agents from the gastrointestinal tract and enhance the elimination of some agents already absorbed. This manuscript will review the history of activated charcoal, its indications, contraindications, and the complicat...

The lung cancer mortality rate has been lower in Japan than in the United States for several decades. We hypothesized that this difference is due to the Japanese preference for cigarettes with charcoal-containing filters, which efficiently absorb selected gas phase components of mainstream smoke including the carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone. We analyzed a subset of smo...

We report novel heparin-cellulose-charcoal composites prepared using room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) to enhance the biocompatibility and blood compatibility of activated charcoal beads while decreasing the size of their active pores.

Formulations of Metarhizium anisopliae conidia with oven ash, chalk powder, charcoal and wheat flour at a ratio of 1:4 (W/W) were prepared. Formulations containing charcoal and oven ash had a conidial viability half-life of 4.1–4.3 months at 2071!C. In comparison, unformulated conidia held under the same conditions had a viability half-life of 0.9 month. Bioassays carried out at 2872!C and 7075...