Data on children ever born from surveys conducted between 1984 and 1988 provide evidence for fertility decline in Pakistan and little evidence for a "zig zag" pattern of variations in the levels of the birth rate reported in surveys conducted between 1962 and 1988. This study is concerned with the indirect estimation of the crude birth rate (CBR). Input data is available on age specific morta...

INTRODUCTION Today, it is recognized that factors other than health services are involved in health improvement and decreased inequality so identifying them is the main concern of policy makers and health authorities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of governance indicators on health outcomes. METHODS A panel data study was conducted to investigate the effect of governance...

background: life expectancy at birth as an alternative summary measure of mortality represents number of years which a newborn will be alive based on the current age specific death rates. as it summarizes death rates across all age range in a given population is the most common summary measure of mortality. the aim of this study was to correct death rates for underreport and estimate life expec...

BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that countries with a higher child mortality rate are more susceptible to armed conflict onset as well as recurrence. Studies do not explain conditions under which child mortality declines among post-armed conflict states. This article argues that where armed conflict is terminated through negotiation and implementation of comprehensive peace agreements (CPAs...

Nepal is on target to meet the Millennium Development Goals for maternal and child health despite high levels of poverty, poor infrastructure, difficult terrain and recent conflict. Each year, nearly 35,000 Nepali children die before their fifth birthday, with almost two-thirds of these deaths occurring in the first month of life, the neonatal period. As part of a multi-country analysis, we exa...

BACKGROUND The countdown database to track the maternal and child survival rate, as set by the Millennium Development Goal, reported recently that India's progress is not satisfactory in reducing newborn and child deaths. DATA SOURCES Articles on neonatal and child mortality in India were accessed from PubMed/MEDLINE. Risk factors associated with neonatal and child mortality were reviewed in ...

OBJECTIVE Few studies have examined the link between health system strength and important public health outcomes across nations. We examined the association between health system indicators and mortality rates. METHODS We used mixed effects linear regression models to investigate the strength of association between outcome and explanatory variables, while accounting for geographic clustering ...

introduction all nations are striving for development. economic development is one of the main parts of development process, but not all of it. populations health is one of the main factors of economic development, and child’s mortality is one of the main factors of population health status. the aim of this study is investigating the role of socioeconomic disparties in under 5 mortality in east...