OBJECTIVE To evaluate the growth pattern of low birth weight preterm infants born to hypertensive mothers, the occurrence of growth disorders, and risk factors for inadequate growth at 24 months of corrected age (CA). METHODS Cohort study of preterm low birth weight infants followed until 24 months CA, in a university hospital between January 2009 and December 2010. INCLUSION CRITERIA gesta...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the proportion of stillbirths at term associated with abnormal growth using customized birth weight percentiles and to compare histological placental findings both in underweight stillborn fetuses and in live births. METHODS A retrospective case-control study of 150 singleton term stillbirths. The livebirth control groups included 586 cases of low-risk pregnancies and...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the association between isolated second-trimester short femur length and fetal growth restriction as well as other adverse perinatal outcomes. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with singleton gestations presenting for sonography between 16 and 24 weeks' gestation from 1990 to 2009. Cases of aneuploidy, skeletal dysplasia, and major anomalies ...

background: low birth weight is one of the key indicators to assess the health of infants, and appropriate birth weight is one of the most important goals of any health system which also reflects the quality of prenatal care. objectives: the present research aimed to study some of the factors associated with low birth weight using quantile regression analysis. methods: a cross-sectional study w...

OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that reduced fetal growth leads to altered plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations in childhood. DESIGN A follow up study of 4 year old children whose birth weights were recorded, and of 7 year old children whose weight, length, head circumference, and placental weight were measured at birth. SETTING Pune, India, and Salisbury, England. ...

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease may have its origins in utero, but the influence of in utero growth on microvascular structure in children is unknown. We hypothesized that poor in utero growth is associated with narrower arteriolar caliber, which may help explain the established association of low birth weight with hypertension and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. METHODS AND RESULTS We...

BACKGROUND We previously reported beneficial effects of breast milk ingestion by infants with extremely low birth weight in the NICU on developmental outcomes at 18 months' corrected age. The objective of this study was to determine whether these effects of breast milk in infants with extremely low birth weight persisted at 30 months' corrected age. METHODS Nutrition data, including enteral a...

The growth rate for infants and young children manifests the significant differences between age, sex, regional, and seasonal distributions. The growth rate for infants and young children is a complex process that depends on interaction of the genetic and environmental factors. All genetic and environmental factors jointly contribute to the growth rate for infants and young children, for exampl...