The unidirectional fluxes of Na(+) and Cl(-) were measured across the isolated gastric mucosa of the bullfrog (R. catesbiana). The addition of strophanthidin, a cardiac aglycone, resulted in marked reductions of the spontaneous potential and short-circuit current. Associated with these changes, the isolated gastric mucosa ceased secreting chloride and hydrogen ion. Although the active component...

Deposition of chloride ions in the surface layer of concrete is investigated in this study. In real concrete structure, chloride ions from the service environment can penetrate into concrete and deposit in the surface layer, to form the boundary condition for further diffusion towards the interior. The deposit amount of chloride ions in the surface layer is normally a function of time, rather t...

The parallel effects of the anion transport inhibitor DIDS (4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate) on net chloride flow and on chloride exchange suggest that a major portion of net chloride flow takes place through the anion exchange system. The "slippage" model postulates that the rate of net anion flow is determined by the movement of the unloaded anion transport site across the membra...

Mutual diffusion coefficients for calcium chloride (0.100 mol dm(-3)) in aqueous solutions containing lactose at various concentrations (from 0.005 to 0.200 mol dm(-3)) have been measured at 37°C (physiological temperature), by using a conductimetric cell coupled to an automatic system to follow the diffusion. This cell uses an open-ended capillary method based on the measurement of the electri...

In this paper, the effects of different aluminum to silicon ratios in silicate chains of calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) are evaluated on the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions by molecular dynamics method. Tobermorite is a crystalline phase that is used for studying C-S-H properties in nano scale, because of its analogous chemical composition to C-S-H. Aluminum incorporation in C-S-H and...