The development of cracking in concrete structures leads to significant permeability and to durability problems as a result. Approaches to controlling crack development and crack width in concrete structures have been widely debated. Recently, it was recognized that a high-performance fiber-reinforced cement composite (HPFRCC) provides a possible solution to this inherent problem of cracking by...

Anion conductance and permeability sequences were obtained for frog skeletal muscle membranes from the changes in characteristic resistance and transmembrane potential after the replacement of one anion by another in the bathing solution. Permeability and conductance sequences are the same. The conductance sequence at pH = 7.4 is Cl(-) Br(-) > NO(3) (-) > I(-) > trichloroacetate >/= benzoate > ...

The changes in the membrane permeability to sodium, potassium, and chloride ions as well as the changes in the intracellular concentration of these ions were studied on frog sartorius muscles in Ca-free EDTA solution. It was found that the rate constants for potassium and chloride efflux became almost constant within 10 minutes in the absence of external calcium ions, that for potassium increas...

Since the sustainability of concrete became a very important property in past decades, 15 mixes self-compacting (SCC), as well control mixes, were examined to find out effect replacing natural aggregates with recycled blue glass (RBG) waste on rheological properties and permeability concrete. For this purpose, 3 series SCCs mixed: 1st group replaced aggregate (NFA) fine (RFWBG), 2nd coarse (NCA...

This paper analyzes field experimental data obtained on about 30 concrete structures, both new (age up to 1 year) and old 60 years). The include in situ non-destructive tests (NDT) of air-permeability kT, electrical resistivity ρ surface moisture m, as well conducted drilled cores: O2-permeability kO, water sorptivity a24, MIP, carbonation rate Kc chloride content Cl at 10 20 mm depth. main con...

The first response of brown adipocytes to adrenergic stimulation is a rapid depolarizing conductance increase mediated by alpha-adrenergic receptors. We used patch recording techniques on cultured brown fat cells from neonatal rats to characterize this conductance. Measurements in perforated patch clamped cells showed that fast depolarizing responses were frequent in cells maintained in culture...

In coastal areas, structures such as cement-soil dams are often eroded by seawater, so it is significant to study how improve the impermeability of cement-soil. Basalt fiber with a strong tensile property, good stability and high-performance price ratio was selected additive influence basalt content on permeability soil-cement. The test chloride ion were used evaluate best mixing amount. result...

During early development, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) depolarizes and excites neurons, contrary to its typical function in the mature nervous system. As a result, developing networks are hyperexcitable and experience a spontaneous network activity that is important for several aspects of development. GABA is depolarizing because chloride is accumulated beyond its passive distribution in thes...