a {em roman dominating function} on a graph $g$ is a function$f:v(g)rightarrow {0,1,2}$ satisfying the condition that everyvertex $u$ for which $f(u) = 0$ is adjacent to at least one vertex$v$ for which $f(v) =2$. {color{blue}a {em restrained roman dominating}function} $f$ is a {color{blue} roman dominating function if the vertices with label 0 inducea subgraph with no isolated vertex.} the wei...

Hydrogen has received substantial attention because of its diverse application in the energy sector. Steam methane reforming (SMR) dominates current hydrogen production and is least expensive endothermic reaction to produce grey hydrogen. This technology provides advantages low cost high efficiency; however, it emits an enormous amount CO2. Carbon capture storage (CCS) helps reduce these emissi...

Blue light has many direct and indirect effects on photosynthesis. The impact of blue light on mesophyll conductance (g(m)), one of the main diffusive limitation to photosynthesis, was investigated in leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and Platanus orientalis, characterized by high and low g(m), respectively. Leaves were exposed to blue light fractions between 0% and 80% of incident light intensity (3...

A graph G is 2-stratified if its vertex set is colored into two nonempty classes, where one class of vertices colored red and the other color class blue. Let F be a 2-stratified graph rooted at one fixed blue vertex v. The F -domination number of G is the minimum number of red vertices of G in a red-blue coloring of the vertices of G such that for every blue vertex v of G, there is a copy of F ...

the blue mosque, one of the valuable architectural elements of tabriz city, known as the turquoise of islamic world, has high status among the people of the city, also among domestic and foreign historians and travelers, ever since its establishment. the blue mosque has always played a dynamic role in tabriz’s continuum of urban life and provides a proper setting for social interactions. up to ...

A graph G is 2-stratified if its vertex set is partitioned into two classes (each of which is a stratum or a color class), where the vertices in one class are colored red and those in the other class are colored blue. Let F be a 2-stratified graph rooted at some blue vertex v. An F -coloring of a graph is a red-blue coloring of the vertices of G in which every blue vertex v belongs to a copy of...