I . Two pairs of Friesian steers were changed from ad lib. to restricted intake of a pelleted barley diet and were maintained on this latter intake for periods of 18 or 25 weeks. The restricted level of intake was 70 g/kg0-73 and was adjusted weekly according to individual live weights. The daily allowance was given in three equal feeds during day-time. 2. After an initial period of 9 weeks on ...

Ciliate protozoa contribute to ruminal digestion and emission of the greenhouse gas methane. Individual species of ciliates co-cultured with mixed prokaryote populations were hypothesized to utilize carbohydrate types differently. In an in vitro batch culture experiment, 0.6 g of pure cellulose or xylan was incubated for 24 h in 40-mL cultures of Entodinium caudatum, Epidinium ecaudatum, and Eu...

Samples of rumen contents were obtained from 10 African (Cape) buffalo living in the vicinity of the Orpen Gate entrance into Kruger National Park in South Africa. Total number of ciliate protozoa per animal ranged from 3.15 to 23.25 x 103. Forty three different species and forms were observed, of which 35 are a new host record. The total number of species and forms per animal varied...

The spatial distribution of ciliate assemblages was studied in a shallow floodplain lake with sharp division space by oxygen conditions. surface zone occupied the “carpet” Lemna trisulca and L. minor characterized large daily amplitude content periodic exceeding 100% saturation; underlying water layer microaerobic conditions throughout most year, seasonal deviations towards oxygen-free (in wint...