OBJECTIVE To assess the magnitude and causes of over-diagnosis of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), as large differences are reported in the incidence of high-grade PIN, probably because of the variance in diagnosis and interpretation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two urological pathologists prospectively reviewed 251 consecutive patients, received in consultation and who were diagnosed and ...

Plant development displays an exceptional plasticity and adaptability that involves the dynamic, asymmetric distribution of the phytohormone auxin. Polar auxin flow, which requires polarly localized transport facilitators of the PIN family, largely contributes to the establishment and maintenance of the auxin gradients. Functionally overlapping action of PIN proteins mediates multiple developme...

We describe development of semiconductor X-band high-power RF switches. The target applications are high-power RF pulse compression systems for future linear colliders. We describe the design methodology of the architecture of the whole switch systems. We present the scaling law that governs the relation between power handling capability and number of elements. We designed and built several act...

0017-9310/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.03.069 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 518 276 2843; fax E-mail address: [email protected] (M.K. Jensen). A multi-objective thermal design optimization and comparative study of electronics cooling technologies is presented. The cooling technologies considered are: continuous parallel micro-channel heat sinks, ...

Pin structures on vector bundles are the natural generalization of Spin structures to the case of nonoriented bundles. Spin(n) is the central Z/2Z extension (or double cover) of SO(n) and Pin−(n) and Pin(n) are two different central extensions of O(n), although they are topologically the same. The obstruction to putting a Spin structure on a bundle ξ (= R → E → B) is w2(ξ) H(B;Z/2Z); for Pin it...

40 is a near branch, an analogous argument again shows that Pin(b) is q's lower-right quadrant. Thus, q is the closest connection between p, Pin(a) and Pin(b). Except for redundancies and pruning of sub-optimal trees, BB-SORT-C searches over all possible ways to construct a Steiner tree sequentially, such that each sink is added by a closest connection to some edge in the current tree. Thus, we...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a 3.5-mm-diameter anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tibial retrograde socket drilling pin versus a standard, 2.4-mm drill-tipped guide pin. A secondary purpose was to evaluate surgeon precision in identifying the true (anatomic) center of the ACL tibial footprint using arthroscopic visualization. METHODS Six matched pairs of cad...