Two unusual circulation patterns were measured in the Ria of Pontevedra (NW Spain). The first one showed a positive two layered tidal pattern with water leaving the estuary through surface layers and entering it through the bottom ones. This unusual pattern is observed to depend on the particular summer stratification conditions, caused by upwelling events and solar radiation, and on the presen...

The Pacific–South America (PSA) teleconnection pattern triggered by the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is suggested to be moving eastward and intensifying under global warming. However, underlying mechanism not completely understood. Previous studies have proposed that movement of PSA attributable shift tropical Pacific ENSO-driven rainfall anomalies in response projected Niño-like sea sur...

The present work aims at examining the association of nighttime temperature inversions and synoptic-scale circulation in the Athens basin. Temperature inversions have a direct impact in the diffusion and transport of pollutants, a fact that highlights the importance of investigating their cause effect relationship. For this purpose, randiosonde measurements from the upper-air station in Hellini...

Precipitation change in response to global warming has profound impacts on environment for life but is highly uncertain. Effects of sea surface temperature (SST) warming on the response of rainfall and atmospheric overturning circulation are investigated using Coupled Model Intercomparison Project simulations. The SST warming is decomposed into a spatially uniform SST increase (SUSI) and deviat...

We report a finding of spontaneous flow reversals of roll-like patterns in liquid gallium Rayleigh-Bénard convection. The vessel has a square geometry with an aspect ratio of 5, and a horizontal magnetic field is applied to align the rolls. The flow patterns were visualized by ultrasonic velocity measurements, and the processes of the reversal were clearly observed. The basic flow pattern obser...

The long-wavelength geoid and topography are dynamic effects of a convecting mantle. The long-wavelength geoid of the Earth is controlled by density variations in the mantle and has been explained by circulation models involving whole mantle flow. However, the relationship of long-wavelength topography to mantle circulation has been a puzzling problem in geodynamics. We show that the dynamic to...

BACKGROUND Nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic hemorrhage, a distinct form of subarachnoid hemorrhage, is a recently described variant of intracranial hemorrhage. We describe two patients who presented with unusual features of this type of subarachnoid hemorrhage and also two patients who had a perimesencephalic pattern of hemorrhage due to a ruptured posterior circulation aneurysm. CASE DESCRIPT...