Pomelos (Citrus maxima) are known for their thick peel which-inter alia-serves as energy dissipator when fruits impact on the ground after being shed. It protects the fruit from splitting open and thus enables the contained seeds to stay germinable and to potentially be dispersed by animal vectors. The main part of the peel consists of a parenchymatous tissue that can be interpreted from a mate...

The volatile secondary metabolites of essential oils from fruit peel and leaves of variegated pink-fleshed lemon (Citrus x limon) were investigated using GLC and GLC-MS (gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy). Altogether 141 compounds were identified and quantified, accounting for 99.59% and 96.33% of the total hydrodistilled peel and leaf oil, respectively. Limonene occurred in higher am...

Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis) peel was employed in this work as raw material for the production of citric acid (CA) by solid-state fermentation (SSF) of Aspergillus niger CECT-2090 (ATCC 9142, NRRL 599) in Erlenmeyer flasks. To investigate the effects of the main operating variables, the inoculum concentration was varied in the range 0.5·10(3) to 0.7·10(8) spores/g dry orange peel, the bed ...

India is sitting on a gold mine of well-recorded and traditionally well practiced knowledge of herbal medicine. General phytochemical screening of Citrus sinensis (Orange) belonging Rutaceae family revealed the presence of flavones glycoside. The aim of this study is to identify and characterize the bioactive principle compound (Hesperidin) from the dried peel of C. sinensis fruit. It has wide ...

Fifteen polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) and hydroxylated PMFs were isolated from sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel extract and synthesized to investigate their biological activity. All obtained compounds were tested in HL-60 cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis induction assays. While some PMFs and hydroxylated PMFs had moderate anti-carcinogenic activities, 5-hydroxy-6,7,8,3',4'-pentamethoxyfl...

Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) is an important cultivar of the Citrus genus which contains a number nutrients beneficial to human health. peels are usually thrown away in this part Nigeria. The research work investigated bioactive components present indigenous citrus peel, grape paradisi). Grape fruits were purchased from garden market D-Line, Port-Harcourt metropolis and washed with ionized wate...

Citrus by-products are the processing wastes generated after citrus juice extraction and constitute about 50% of fresh fruit weight. This solid residue is comprised of the peel (flavedo and albedo), pulp (juice sac residue), rag (membranes and cores) and seeds. The disposal of fresh peels is becoming a major problem for many factories. Usually, citrus juice industries dry the residue and it is ...