This paper evaluates our current knowledge about the nature of internal war and some of the research being undertaken to increase this knowledge. There were 380 conflicts in the world in the 19 years following World War II, involving 101 (81 percent) of the 123 independent countries in the world. During this period, there were from 13 to 30 new conflicts each year and an average of 13.6 on-goin...

Although the Confederate surrenders in April 1865 marked the end of major hostilities of the American Civil War, disputes of interpretation continue to characterise the study of the conduct and outcomes of the War. Whilst this may be simply a feature of all historiography, the extent of these interpretive disputes may well be a direct consequence of the nature of the primary sources that have s...

AIMS To provide a synthesis of the experience of nursing in the Vietnam War. RATIONALE War and nursing are linked unequivocally. As battles have raged over the centuries, nurses have attended the ill and wounded soldiers, nursing them back to health or into death and the study of this phenomenon forms a significant part of Australia's nursing history. However, a review of the Australian schol...

this research is going to explore methods of utilizing nature in architecture and use them to evaluate naturalism of the samples of iranian contemporary architecture, both qualitatively and quantitatively. the use of various aspects of the nature in iranian contemporary architecture is less than the past. so the main questions in this research are: “which methods of utilizing nature have influe...

This paper challenges the conventional wisdom about bargaining and war. If more than two players bargain, or if war can end in stalemate, then a bargain that all actors prefer to war may not exist—even if there are no information problems, commitment problems, principal agent problems, alliance dynamics, or indivisible goods. Existing models generate a bargaining range because they artificially...

Incomplete Nature is about an important and difficult subject: how life and mind evolved from a world of inanimate matter. It is also about what are the right concepts to use in understanding the nature and workings of life and mind. We need to be able to conceive them in such a way that it becomes intelligible that they could have arisen naturally from the kinds of inanimate processes describe...