the literature review of increasing construction density shows that it can have positive and negative impacts on urban development and a way to urban consolidation. nevertheless, it may facilitate urban life and enhance quality of life, as two major topics and subjects in the process toward sustainability and sustainable urban development issues. the literature related to the sustainability ind...

Due to the increasing development in various branches of the automotive industry, the need for a comfort climate in the cabin is more sensible. However, to achieve climate comfort, HVAC system consumes a considerable amount of engine power. Hence, improving HVAC system performance leads to more energy saving of the vehicle which is a critical factor for nowadays automotive. Besides, one crucial...

A modular hotel unit has been optimised for a range of climate types. The objectives were carbon emissions and construction cost, and the optimisation was performed using a multi-objective genetic algorithm. Variables covered solar and fabric properties as well as heating and cooling systems and renewables. Constraints governed roof area and comfort. Shading provision was determined separately ...

BACKGROUND To investigate the relationship between sexual orientation and gender identity in regard to levels of depression; levels of perceived social support; comfort with disclosure of orientation; and the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) campus climate. METHODS E-mail invitations to participate in the current cross-sectional questionnaire-based study were sent to all thirty ...

introduction climate has always been one the main factors of designing urban spaces in iran since past centuries. by analyzing urban spaces it can be concluded that different cities have different urban spaces due to climate differences. one of the main reasons of the differences in the type and orientation of urban spaces is the climate as one of the key factors in designing these areas. regar...

Weather, climate and tourism are interconnected in many different ways. All of them are of both global and local significance. Weather and/or climate information is of interest for tourists and the tourism industry. Crucial for tourism is information on thermal comfort or thermal stress conditions. Thermal indices, i.e., physiologically equivalent temperature, can deliver relevant information f...

paper undertakes software based numerical simulations in two different traditional houses in cold-dry climate of tabriz and hot-arid climate of yazd, the eco test software chosen for bim simulations. case study on real houses instead of hypothetical models can give more tangible results and choosing traditional houses can provide a good opportunity to compare both physical and thermal condition...

Ensuring thermal comfort is an important goal in the operation of any office building. Often these buildings are therefore controlled according to the predicted mean vote (PMV) model which is also adopted as the ISO 7730 norm. This model predicts the mean thermal preferences of an average group of people that would satisfy the thermal comfort needs of about 80% of the occupants. It is derived f...

Previous studies have revealed that wearers had low skin temperatures and cold and pain sensations in the feet, when using sleeping bags under defined comfort and limit temperatures. To improve wearers' local thermal comfort in the feet, a novel heating sleeping bag (i.e., MARHT) was developed by embedding two heating pads into the traditional sleeping bag (i.e., MARCON) in this region. Seven f...