background : mechanical ventilation is used for some infants in neonatal intensive care units (nicu) due to many physiological and clinical causes. since these patients have endotracheal tubes, cleaning and keeping the airways open through suctioning should be done to increase oxygenation. this study aimed to evaluate effect of open and closed suctioning methods on respiratory parameters of inf...

This paper deals with the Lagrangian analogue of symplectic or point reduction by stages. We develop Routh reduction as a reduction technique that preserves the Lagrangian nature of the dynamics. To do so we heavily rely on the relation between Routh reduction and cotangent symplectic reduction. The main results in this paper are: (i) we develop a class of so called magnetic Lagrangian systems ...

INTRODUCTION Patellar dislocation is an emergency. Vertical patellar dislocation is rare, often seen in adolescents and mostly due to sports injuries or high-velocity trauma. Few cases have been reported in the literature. Closed or open reduction under general anesthesia is often needed. We report a case of vertical locked patellar dislocation in a 26-year-old male, which was reduced by a simp...

INTRODUCTION Closed reduction of secondary displacements of distal metaphyseal radius fractures is an easy procedure only when performed within the first ten to fifteen days post-trauma, prior to the occurrence of malunion. When a hard bony callus prevents proper reduction, an open osteotomy is generally advocated. HYPOTHESIS We suggest the use of a less invasive technique which aims at corre...

BACKGROUND Volar Barton's fractures are not uncommon but more convincing treatment methods are still controversial. Currently, open reduction with buttress plating or closed reduction with external fixation and percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation have achieved most support. METHODS Twenty-three consecutive volar Barton's fractures treated with either open reduction and buttress plate fixatio...

The treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip diagnosed after the first year of life remains controversial. A series of 36 children (47 hips), aged between one and 4.9 years underwent gradual closed reduction using the Petit-Morel method. A pelvic osteotomy was required in 43 hips (91.5%). The patients whose hips did not require pelvic osteotomy were among the youngest. The mean age at fi...

Initial attempts to grow N2-fixing Derxia gummosa autotrophically on H2, C 0 2 , O2 and N2 in a closed system yielded variable results. Poor growth was found to be due to rapid O2 depletion and the requirement for an agar surface. In a closed system, C2H2 reduction assays could not be carried out due to complete consumption of H2. Hence a flow-through culturing technique was developed to supply...

Introduction: Posterior shoulder dislocation associated with fracture of the lesser tuberosity is considered as a rare shoulder trauma. It can lead to the locked shoulder with a very high possibility of unsuccessful closed reduction. Case Presentation: In this case, the patient was a 30-year-old male motorcyclist with the right shoulder injury who had posterior shoulder dislocation with lesser ...

The authors retrospectively studied 43 children with femoral fractures, treated with titanium elastic nailing (TEN). Twenty-two underwent closed fluoroscopic reduction ( Group I), whereas the other 21 underwent mini-open reduction (Group II). The operation time averaged 71 minutes in group I, and 48 minutes in group II (p < 0.001). The mean fluoroscopy time was 793 seconds in group I, and 35.5 ...