Social distance (i.e., the degree of closeness to another person) affects the way humans perceive and respond to fairness during financial negotiations. Feeling close to someone enhances the acceptance of monetary offers. Here, we explored whether this effect also extends to the spatial domain. Specifically, using an iterated version of the Ultimatum Game in a within-subject design, we investig...

Bereaved adolescents (N = 90) who had experienced relatively common death losses (e.g., grandparent, friend) completed the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief and the Emotional Closeness Scale and Continuum. Results indicated that present grief was significantly higher for friend than for grandparent death loss. A MANOVA revealed that those in the high closeness group reported significantly higher...

Although both betweenness and closeness centrality are claimed to be important for the effectiveness of someone’s network position, it has not been explicitly studied which networks emerge if actors follow incentives for these two positional advantages. We propose such a model and observe that network dynamics differ considerably in a scenario with either betweenness or closeness incentives com...

The likes of clarity and efficiency are good communication concepts for designers and evaluators of business communication tools. They make little sense, however, when the design context of an interactive system is the support of a personal relationship. What matters then is that people feel they are ‘there’ for one another. This paper describes a new way of understanding Social Presence in tec...

We study the problems of classification and closeness testing. A classifier associates a test sequence with the one of two training sequences that was generated by the same distribution. A closeness test determines whether two sequences were generated by the same or by different distributions. For both problems all natural algorithms are symmetric—they make the same decision under all symbol re...

The aim of the present study was to examine the association between pornography use and aspects of socioemotional closeness in a non-clinical sample of 164 males. Participants' actual and ideal socioemotional closeness was measured by the Perceived Interpersonal Closeness Scale (PICS; Popovic et al., 2003) while their pornography use was examined by the Background and Pornography Use Informatio...

This study examined late adolescents' self-defining memories about relationships. Participants were 88 European Americans (mean age = 19 years) who reported 3 self-defining memories of their choosing and were selected for the study because they reported a memory about parents and/or peers. Memory narratives were coded for themes of separation, closeness, and conflict and for 2 kinds of meaning:...