Today, market orientation plays a vital role in determining customers’ needs and success of organizations. Market orientation has also influenced various organizations’ measures including innovation. Therefore the aim of this research is to study the role of market orientation in innovation of bodybuilding clubs of Golestan Province. The population of this study comprised all 170 ma...

Today, the proper playing of managerial roles is of special importance in effective and successful management of sports clubs. The present paper aimed to study the managerial roles of sports clubs CEOs in Isfahan Province in the current and desirable conditions. Statistical population included all managers and directors of Sepahan, Zobahan, Foolad Mahan, and Gitipasand sports clubs (N=83), wh...

We introduce a class of mechanisms, called bidding clubs, that allow agents to coordinate their bidding in auctions. Bidding clubs invite a set of agents to join, and each invited agent freely chooses whether to accept the invitation or whether to participate independently in the auction. Agents who join a bidding club first conduct a “pre-auction” within the club; depending on the outcome of t...

This study suggests a two-step approach to identifying and interpreting regional convergence clubs in Europe. The first step involves identifying the number and composition of clubs using a space-time panel data model for annual income growth rates in conjunction with Bayesian model comparison methods. A second step uses a Bayesian space-time panel data model to assess how changes in the initia...

AIMS The aims of this review is to compile and identify key issues in international research about youth sports clubs as health-promoting settings, and then discuss the results of the review in terms of a framework for the youth sports club as a health-promoting setting. METHODS The framework guiding this review of research is the health-promoting settings approach introduced by the World Hea...

The academic literature on financial reporting and accounting is limited in the football industry compared with other sectors of the economy. The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze the financial communications of football clubs with reference to the impairment test for football players. According to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), an impairment test measures ...