Time-lapse (4D) seismic data sets have proven to be extremely useful for reservoir monitoring. Seismic-derived impedance estimates are commonly used as a 4D attribute to constrain updates to reservoir fluid flow models. However, 4D seismic estimates of P-wave impedance can contain significant errors associated with the effects of seismic noise and the inherent instability of inverse methods. Th...

Natural hazards including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis have been significant threats to humans throughout recorded history. Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS; including the Global Positioning System (GPS)) receivers have become primary sensors to measure signatures associated with natural hazards. These signatures typically include GPS-derived seismic deformation measure...

[1] Clear atmospheric pressure changes associated with the 2003 Tokachi-Oki, Japan, earthquake with Mw 8.3 were recorded with the microbarographs distributed in Japan. The pressure change starts at the arrival of seismic waves and reaches its maximum amplitude at the arrival of Rayleigh waves, suggesting that the observed pressure change was driven by the ground motion of seismic waves passing ...

After the 17/08/99 earthquake in Turkey, ESA and CNES decided to coordinate their efforts for the emergency study of the earthquake effects based on satellite observations (ERS, SPOT). In particular, a set of archived ERS acquisitions over the interested sites was promptly provided by ESA, a series of tandem acquisitions were programmed (ERS-1 was switched on over Turkey) and the acquired post-...

Near-field co-seismic GPS data were used to derive the slip distribution of the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Based on field measurements and geological observations, the earthquake is represented by ruptures on the Beichuan fault and a neighboring fault from Pengxian to Guanxian, both dipping with a decreasing angle with depth. Using a layered elastic crust model, we obtained a slip model t...

There are several lines of evidence that suggest that thermal pressurization (TP) of pore fluid within a low-permeability fault core may play the key role in the development of earthquake slip. To elucidate effects of TP on spontaneous fault slip, I consider solutions for a steadily propagating slip pulse on a fault with a constant sliding friction, the level of which may reflect other thermall...

Satellite differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR) has already demonstrated its potential to map co-, postand inter-seismic deformation since its successful application to the 1992 Landers Earthquake. The Ms 8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake, which occurred on 12 May 2008, was the strongest earthquake to strike China since the 1976 Tangshan earthquake. The devastation of the quake w...

Coda-wave interferometry is a technique to detect small seismic velocity changes using phase changes in similar waveforms from repeating natural or artificial sources. Seismic interferometry is another technique for detecting seismic velocity changes from cross-correlation functions of ambient seismic noise. We simultaneously use these two techniques to clarify seismic velocity changes at Sakur...

[1] The massive tsunami generated by the 11 March 2011 Tohoku earthquake (Mw 9.0) was widely recorded by GPS buoys, wave gauges, and ocean bottom pressure sensors around the source. Numerous inversions for finite‐fault slip time histories have been performed using seismic and/ or geodetic observations, yielding generally consistent patterns of large co‐seismic slip offshore near the hypocenter ...

The high-frequency seismic field near the epicenter of a large earthquake is modeled by subdividing the fault plane into subelements and summing their contributions at the observation point. Each element is treated as a point source with an o92 spectral shape, where co is the angular frequency. Ground-motion contributions from the subsources are calculated using a stochastic model. Attenuation ...