In this paper we present an approximation method based on abstract interpretation to transform meta-information in parallel with the transformation of concrete data. The meta-information is assumed to describe further properties of the specific data. The construction of a correct transformation function for the meta-information can be quite complicated in case of complex data transformations or...

In model-driven development (MDD), numerous metamodels, models, and model transformations need to be taken into account. These MDD-based artifacts—although highly interdependent—are autonomously maintained. Changes in one artifact (e.g., in a model) are not automatically reflected in other dependent artifacts (e.g., in a model transformation). The barrier for a tight integration of MDD-based ar...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11 are usually found in benign genital lesions and laryngeal papillomas. However, the occasional occurrence of their DNAs in carcinomas of the genital tract and larynx suggests that they have some tumorigenic activity. In this paper, we have examined the cotransforming and transactivation activities of the E7 genes from these virus types and show that they...

Thermal and structural austenite to martensite reversible transition was studied in melt spun ribbons of Ni50Mn40Sn5Co5, Ni50Mn37.5Sn7.5Co5 and Ni50Mn35Sn10Co5 (at. %) alloys. Analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns confirms that all alloys have martensitic structure at room temperature: four layered orthorhombic 4O for Ni50Mn40Sn5Co5, four layered orthorhombic 4O and seven-layered monoclinic 14...

Rapid urbanisation generates risks and opportunities for sustainable development. Urban policy and decision makers are challenged by the complexity of cities as social-ecological-technical systems. Consequently there is an increasing need for collaborative knowledge development that supports a whole-of-system view, and transformational change at multiple scales. Such holistic urban approaches a...

Meta-modeling has become the key technology to define do– main-specific modeling languages in model-driven engineering. Since do– main-specific modeling languages often change quite frequently, concepts are needed for the coordinated evolution of their meta-models as well as of their models, and possibly other related artifacts. In this paper, we present a new approach to the co-transformation ...

In this research effect of synthesis method of magnesium aluminate as support of Ni catalysts at the reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction was evaluated. The RWGS reaction is applied in Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to Form Methanol via a Reverse Water-Gas Shift Reaction (CAMERE) process for the transformation of CO2 into methanol. The MgAl2O4 supports were prepared by sol-gel (M1), surfactant...

We present for the first time pseudoelasticity and shape memory results on Co–Ni–Al single crystals in tension. The experimental transformation strains approached 6% in tension in the [115] orientation. Despite the considerable volume change (0.0447), the transformation exhibits remarkable pseudoelasticity and shape memory recoverability in tension. A theoretical treatment is presented to expla...

Despite of their basic role in software development, grammars are still often considered as static artifacts, used for language definition or once prepared for tool construction. Hence, there is insufficient support for working with grammars as software artifacts themselves. However, grammars are permanently changed, e.g. to debug them, to improve languages, to create grammars for tools. In [1]...

Although several site-specific nucleases (SSNs), such as zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas, have emerged as powerful tools for targeted gene editing in many organisms, to date, gene targeting (GT) in plants remains a formidable challenge. In the present study, we att...