Pumice and the Moringa oleifera (MO) seed were investigated as alternative natural materials for drinking water treatment based on problems identified at the Stretta Vaudetto water treatment plant in Eritrea. Lab and pilot scale studies showed that pumice was a suitable alternative material for dual media filtration. Conversion of the sand filters at Stretta Vaudetto to pumice-sand media would ...

People of North Cameroon must look for water at great distances from their homes during the dry season of the year. To provide water closer to villages series of internationally and bilaterally financed dams are being built to impound water in reservoirs. The Ministry of Health of the Government of the Republic of Cameroon is concerned that the dams do not increase health problems. One concern ...

A colony-stimulating factor (CSF) that stimulated human and mouse bone marrow cells to proliferate in vitro and form pure granuloid colonies was purified about 4000-fold from normal human urine. Purification procedures included concentration with polyethyleneglycol, ammonium sulfate precipitation, two chromatographic separations on DEAE-cellulose columns, gel filtration, and polyacrylamide gel ...

Waste water was collected from the municipal town of Madurai and was subjected to filtration in two different filters. The first filter employed sand for the process of filtration where as the second filter carbon for the same. Finally when the clarified water is drawn out of the filter, it shows that there is a considerable reduction in the physico-chemical parameters then that of the untreate...

Small particles typical of liquid swine manure often clog sand filter beds and fine filters. We evaluated the effectiveness of polymer flocculants to improve drainage and filtration performance of sand filter beds by increasing the particle size of manure. A pilot separation unit was evaluated at the Swine Unit of the NCSU Lake Wheeler Road Laboratory in Raleigh, North Carolina, in 40 consecuti...

This thesis presents experimental work on foam/sand mixtures carried out in the Civil The first chapter deals with basic aspects of soil conditioning agents and their application to tunnelling, and provides an understanding of the fundamentals of foam behaviour. An introduction to the problems encountered in tunnelling is given. A brief study of foams and their properties is presented and the r...

In this paper, we characterize the filtration and deposition profiles of a recombinant analog of Norwalk virus, an important waterborne pathogen, in packed beds of saturated quartz sand under both ‘clean-bed’ and ‘dirty-bed’ conditions. Under clean-bed conditions with NaCl as the electrolyte, the retained Norwalk virus particles decline like a power-law with depth. The power-law decay in retain...

Engineering enhancement of slow sand filtration has been an enigma in large part because the mechanisms responsible for particle removal have not been well characterized. The presumed role of biological processes in the filter ripening process nearly precluded the possibility of enhancing filter performance since interventions to enhance biological activity would have required decreasing the qu...

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