Scanning electron microscopy, linear sweep voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and in situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy were used to investigate the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) occurring on cobalt oxide films deposited on Au and other metal substrates. All experiments were carried out in 0.1 M KOH. A remarkable finding is that the turnover frequency for the OER exhibited ...

OBJECTIVE To integrate recent understandings of the mechanisms of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of the different cobalt compounds. METHOD A narrative review of the studies published since the last IARC assessment in 1991 (genotoxicity, experimental carcinogenesis, and epidemiology). RESULTS Two different mechanisms of genotoxicity, DNA breakage induced by cobalt metal and especially hard...

Processing of self-assembled magnetic nanocrystals has vitally scientific and technological interests. In this paper, three different kinds of self-assemblies of cobalt nanocrystals were processed using particles processed by thermal decomposition of cobalt carbonyl in toluene. In case 1, two-dimensional self-assembly of cobalt nanocrystals with an average particle size of 9.2 nm and polydisper...

In 2013, we raised suspicion that cobalt in leather could be responsible for hitherto unrecognized cases of allergic contact dermatitis. We saw a patient sensitized only to cobalt with clear long-term exposure to cobalt from a leather sofa, and observed resolution of dermatitis following avoidance (1). In 2014,we performed a questionnaire study, which showed a positive and significant associati...

Metal-on-metal (MoM) hip replacements, often manufactured from a cobalt-chrome alloy, are associated with adverse reactions including soft tissue necrosis and osteolysis. Histopathological analysis of MoM peri-implant tissues reveals an inflammatory cell infiltrate that includes macrophages, monocytes and neutrophils. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an innate immune receptor activated by bacteri...

OF DOCTORAL DISSERTATION HELSINKI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY P.O. BOX 1000, FI-02015 TKK http://www.tkk.fi Author Leif Backman Name of the dissertation Supported Cobalt Catalysts—Preparation, Characterisation and Reaction Studies Manuscript submitted Jan 23, 2009 Manuscript revised May 7, 2009 Date of the defence June 2, 2009 Monograph Article dissertation (summary + original articles) Faculty Fa...

Prolonged incubation of zinc-zinc leucine aminopeptidase (bovine lens) (EC 3.4.1.1) with 0.05 M CoCl2 and M KCl in 0.2 M N-ethylmorpholine-HCl at pH 7.5 and 37 degrees yields an active enzyme in which 2 g atoms of Co2+ per 54,000 dalton subunit have replaced the Zn2+. Incubation of cobalt-cobalt leucine aminopeptidase with various AnCl2 concentrations or zinc-zinc leucine aminopeptidase with va...

Cobalt alloy debris has been implicated as causative in the early failure of some designs of current total joint implants. The ability of implant debris to cause excessive inflammation via danger signaling (NLRP3 inflammasome) vs. pathogen associated pattern recognition receptors (e.g. Toll-like receptors; TLRs) remains controversial. Recently, specific non-conserved histidines on human TLR4 ha...

Penicillium brevicompactum highly tolerated cobalt concentrations of 50, 200, 800 and 1000 ppm both through cell wall and intracellular sequestration- immobilization of the metal on/within the cell wall, cell wall thickness, presence of electron-dense deposits inside vacuoles (thiol peptides sequestering cobalt) and in the cytoplasm (cobalt), and presence of matrixed electron-dense deposits, on...

BACKGROUND Blood doping is commonplace in competitive athletes who seek to enhance their aerobic performances through illicit techniques. PRESENTATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS Cobalt, a naturally-occurring element with properties similar to those of iron and nickel, induces a marked and stable polycythemic response through a more efficient transcription of the erythropoietin gene. TESTING THE HYPO...