We conducted a lexical decision task to measure Spanish-English/English-Spanish bilinguals’ behavioral (RT) and electrophysiological (EPN, Early Posterior Negativity LPC, Late Positive Complex) responses English emotion words their Spanish translation equivalents. Bilingual participants varied in age of acquisition (AoA Spanish/English: early, late), language status (L1 Spanish, L1 English) dom...

This paper presents a new paradigm for code-switching event detection based on delta Bayesian Information Criterion (∆BIC). First, an automatic speech recognizer (ASR) and an articulatory feature (AF) detector are constructed. The intersyllable boundaries obtained from the ASR are regarded as the potential code-switching boundaries. To estimate the language likelihood, eigenvoice models (EVMs) ...

This qualitative study explored English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers’ perspectives on first (L1) use in the second (L2) classroom. The focused Jordanian public secondary school EFL teachers and drew Macaro’s (2001) three codeswitching positions—optimal (i.e., L1 can enhance L2 learning), maximal should be minimized virtual never used learning). Data were collected through classroom obse...

In structural priming, the structure of one sentence is echoed in the structure of a second sentence that may be otherwise unrelated to the first. It can occur without the intention to create syntactic parallelism and without specific pragmatic, thematic, and lexical support across utterances. To explore whether it can also occur without specific language support, when the source of priming is ...

While there has been lots of interest in code-switching in informal text such as tweets and online content, we ask whether code-switching occurs in the proceedings of multilingual institutions. We focus on the Canadian Hansard, and automatically detect mixed language segments based on simple corpus-based rules and an existing word-level language tagger. Manual evaluation shows that the performa...

This paper concerns the conceptual and pedagogical issues that revolve around target language (TL) only instruction and teacher codeswitching in the context of TL classrooms. To this end, I first examine four intertwined ideas (that is, monolingualism, naturalism, native-speakerism, and absolutism) that run through the monolingual approach to TL teaching, with a discussion of why these assumpti...

Code-switching is the phenomenon by which bilingual speakers switch between multiple languages during communication. The importance of developing language technologies for codeswitching data is immense, given the large populations that routinely code-switch. High-quality linguistic annotations are extremely valuable for any NLP task, and performance is often limited by the amount of high-qualit...