We characterize the force state of shear-loaded granular matter by relating the macroscopic stress to statistical properties of the force network. The purely repulsive nature of the interaction between grains naturally provides an upper bound for the sustainable shear stress, which we analyze using an optimization procedure inspired by the so-called force network ensemble. We establish a relati...

Anchor plates may be made of steel plates, precast concrete slabs, poured concrete slabs, timber sheets and so forth. In this study, uplift resistance of strip anchor plates embedded in cohesion less soils was assessed by conducting previous works. The previous experimental works mentioned that behavior of horizontal strip anchor plates embedded in cohesion less soil has been assessed by small-...

several relationships to assess at-rest pressure coefficient in retaining walls, have been developed by different researchers. these suggested relationships are generally a function of mechanical soil parameters such as internal friction angel, poison ratio and over-consolidation ratio. in integral bridges, however, this coefficient is also a function of many other parameters other than soil ch...