What determines the shape of the allowed regions in the Ramachandran plot? Although Ramachandran explained these regions in terms of 1-4 hard-sphere repulsions, there are discrepancies with the data where, in particular, the alphaR, alphaL, and beta-strand regions are diagonal. The alphaR-region also varies along the alpha-helix where it is constrained at the center and the amino terminus but d...

Despite the big amount of general language dictionaries in electronic form, those coming from specialised areas are still “under construction”. There are two main reasons for this: firstly, the need for these dictionaries was/is less essential than the need for general language dictionaries, since these were/are aiming mainly to specialists, and secondly many specialised areas are changing over...

This paper proposes a bidirctional hierarchical clustering algorithm for simultaneously clustering words of different parts of speech based on collocations. The algorithm is composed of cycles of two kinds of alternate clustering processes. We construct an objective function based on Minimum Description Length. To. partly solve the problem caused by sparse data two concepts of collocational deg...