This report studies a statistical skin-color model and its adaptation. By quantitative analysis and goodness-oft test, we reveal that (1) skin-color di erences among people can be reduced by intensity normalization, and (2) under a certain lighting condition, a skin-color distribution can be characterized by a multivariate normal distribution in the normalized color space. We then propose an ad...

In this paper we present a skin color model for accurate face detection which combines skin color learning and image segmentation. This approach starts from a coarse segmentation which provides regions of homogeneous statistical color distribution. Some regions represent parts of human skin and are selected by minimizing an error between the color distribution of each region and the output of a...

A tuning method was proposed for automatic lighting (auto-lighting) algorithms derived from the steepest descent and conjugate gradient methods. The auto-lighting algorithms maximize the image quality of industrial machine vision by adjusting multiple-color light emitting diodes (LEDs)—usually called color mixers. Searching for the driving condition for achieving maximum sharpness influences im...

A novel hierarchical approach for image retrieval is proposed in this paper. First, a color label histogram is used to effectively filter out the images that are not similar to the query image in color. The color label matrix is built by categorizing the pixel colors into a set of 13 colors and by labeling each pixel based on its color category ID. Next, the class parameters of those images pas...

The origin of color gradients in elliptical galaxies is examined by comparing model gradients with those observed in the Hubble Deep Field. The models are constructed so as to reproduce color gradients in local elliptical galaxies either by a metallicity gradient or by an age gradient. By looking back a sequence of color gradient as a function of redshift, the age metallicity degeneracy is solv...

In the context of print quality and process control colorimetric parameters and tolerance values are clearly defined. Using more than one color measurement instrument measuring the same color wedge can produce clearly different results due to random and systematic errors of the instruments. In certain situations where one instrument gives values which are just inside the given tolerances and an...

Background and Aim: Changing the color of resin luting cements could affect the aesthetic appearance of thin porcelain veneer. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of artificially accelerated aging on color stability of light-cured resin cement and flowable composite as a luting agent through the porcelain veneer. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was carried ...

Textile industry processes are among the most environmentally unfriendly industrial processes; because, they produce color wastewater that is heavily polluted the environment. Therefore, textile industry wastewater has to be treated before being discharged into the environment. In this study, experiments were conducted for different process parameters like nutrient dosage and dilution ratio aga...