Quorum sensing is the mechanism by which bacterial cells communicate to each other in response to changes in cell density. Secreted signaling molecules reach other bacteria and trigger an internal physiological response, like production of degradative enzymes and antibiotics, competence development, sporulation and pathogenesis. In Bacillus subtilis, the transcriptional activator ComA regulates...

Context. Environmental effects are known to have an important influence on cluster galaxies, but studies at very faint magnitudes (R> 21) are almost exclusively based on imaging. We present here a very deep spectroscopic survey of galaxies on the line of sight to the Coma cluster. Aims. After a series of papers based on deep multi–band imaging of the Coma cluster, we explore spectroscopically p...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa microsoftinternetexplorer4 background : traumatic brain injury (tbi) is known as one of the most important causes of mortality in middle-aged population. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of gabapentin in improvement of consciousness level in these patients. methods : this randomized clinical trial was performed in march 2008 to sept...

introduction: iran is a young-populated country. loss of consciousness (loc) due to poisoning is a major cause of patients' referrals to emergency departments. it has good prognosis if it is appropriately diagnosed and treated. this study was done to determine the causes of loc in patients hospitalized in poisoning icu of loghman-hakim poison hospital (lhph) from september 23, 2004 to marc...

background cerebral state index (csi) is derived from electroencephalograms to monitor the level of consciousness during anesthesia. some evidence shows that this indicator has been used to detect cerebral ischemia and prognostic outcomes for traumatic brain injury (tbi). objectives the present study was designed to investigate the correlation between glasgow coma score (gcs) and csi for brain-...

INTRODUCTION Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was shown to increase during acute hypoglycemia and could mediate rapid adaptation of the brain. In this study we examined the neuroendocrine response in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in hypoglycemic coma or with acute neuroglycopenic symptoms. METHODS We prospectively studied 135 consecutive T2DM patients admitted ...

www.frontiersin.org encountered in the vegetative state makes it utterly difficult to identify possible REM sleep other than by the presence of muscular atonia and eye movements – note that nocturnal penile erections have been convincingly shown in vegetative patients (Cologan et al., in press). The brain’s metabolic activity in a coma, as measured by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomogr...

Objective: To describe the most important coma scales developed in the last fifty years. Method: A review of the literature between 1969 and 2009 in the Medline and Scielo databases was carried out using the following keywords: coma scales, coma, disorders of consciousness, coma score and levels of coma. Results: Five main scales were found in chronological order: the Jouvet coma scale, the Mos...

[Purpose] The aim of study was to evaluate the impact of physical therapy on the recovery of motor and mental status in patients who sustained a severe traumatic brain injury, according to coma duration in acute and post-acute rehabilitation. [Subjects and Methods] The study population comprised patients with levels of consciousness ranging from 3 to 8 according to Glasgow Coma Scale score. The...

Insects enter chill coma, a reversible state of paralysis, at temperatures below their critical thermal minimum (CTmin), and the time required for an insect to recover after a cold exposure is termed chill coma recovery time (CCRT). The CTmin and CCRT are both important metrics of insect cold tolerance that are used interchangeably, although chill coma recovery is not necessarily permitted by a...