Ant colony algorithm of the traditional combinative optimization consumes a large amount of time in the process of solving the optimization, which has a tendency to partial optimization and slow convergence along with many redundant useless iterative codes and low operation efficiency. A generic optimized ant colony algorithm is thus proposed. This algorithm has the ability to fast global searc...

In this study, we address the issue of how firms should structure their knowledge bases. The structure of a firm’s knowledge base refers to the pattern of combinative relationships or couplings between the elements of the knowledge base. We make a distinction between coupling, a search related decision made by a firm on which knowledge elements should be combined and interdependence, the inhere...

The main aim of this paper is to review recent studies over the past 10 years investigating influencing factors for improving mechanical properties concrete. This focuses on concrete comprising pozzolanic materials, partially or entirely replacing ordinary Portland cement, in mixture. Firstly, effectiveness such as temperature, water solid (W/S) ratio, and alkaline solution ratio was briefly di...

The purpose of this research article is to provide a comprehensive method evaluation for public transportation. In sense, study considers transport lines that offer in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua. Hence, presents description the system as part literature review. Likewise, document describes an appropriate model based on more outstanding publications about urban mobility and transportation passenge...

The modeling of emergent swarm intelligence constitutes a major challenge and it has been tacked in number different ways. However, existing approaches fail to capture the nature they are either too abstract for practical application or not generic enough describe various types emergence phenomena. In this paper, contradiction-centric model is proposed, which individuals determine their behavio...