by developing the level of life in societies, the need for new resources of energy becomes more important. in almost all cases, the aim is to convert one form of energy to the electrical form. with advances of technology and use of new electric and electronic devices and gadgets, the need for electrical energy is increasing and providing stable and continuous electric power becomes very importa...

the growth of the electrical energy consumption form one side and the bounded available fossil fuel and other limitations from the other side, makes the thermal power plants upgrading as a main demand in the world. decreasing the internal energy consumption, increasing the performance and the output power with the minimum costs are the important targets of the power plants retrofitting. nowaday...

Combined heat, and power dispatch promotes interactions, synergies between electric systems, district heating systems. However, nonlinear, nonconvex flow imposes significant challenges on finding qualified solutions efficiently. Most existing methods rely constant assumptions to derive a linear model, sacrificing optimality for computational simplicity. This paper proposes novel convex combined...

Nowadays, ever-increasing energy demands and the depletion of fossil fuels require efficient environmentally friendly technologies for generation. In this context, systems integration makes a very strong proposition since it results in saving, fuel diversification, supply cleaner energy. To end, is utmost importance to realize current developments field portray state art renewable generation in...